ImportanceThe role of endovascular thrombectomy is uncertain for patients presenting beyond 24 hours of the time they were last known well.ObjectiveTo evaluate functional and safety outcomes for endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) vs medical management in patients with large-vessel occlusion beyond 24 hours of last known well.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective observational cohort study enrolled patients between July 2012 and December 2021 at 17 centers across the United States, Spain, Australia, and New Zealand. Eligible patients had occlusions in the internal carotid artery or middle cerebral artery (M1 or M2 segment) and were treated with EVT or medical management beyond 24 hours of last known well.InterventionsEndovascular thrombectomy or medical management (control).Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrimary outcome was functional independence (modified Rankin Scale score 0-2). Mortality and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) were safety outcomes. Propensity score (PS)–weighted multivariable logistic regression analyses were adjusted for prespecified clinical characteristics, perfusion parameters, and/or Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) and were repeated in subsequent 1:1 PS-matched cohorts.ResultsOf 301 patients (median [IQR] age, 69 years [59-81]; 149 female), 185 patients (61%) received EVT and 116 (39%) received medical management. In adjusted analyses, EVT was associated with better functional independence (38% vs control, 10%; inverse probability treatment weighting adjusted odds ratio [IPTW aOR], 4.56; 95% CI, 2.28-9.09; P < .001) despite increased odds of sICH (10.1% for EVT vs 1.7% for control; IPTW aOR, 10.65; 95% CI, 2.19-51.69; P = .003). This association persisted after PS-based matching on (1) clinical characteristics and ASPECTS (EVT, 35%, vs control, 19%; aOR, 3.14; 95% CI, 1.02-9.72; P = .047); (2) clinical characteristics and perfusion parameters (EVT, 35%, vs control, 17%; aOR, 4.17; 95% CI, 1.15-15.17; P = .03); and (3) clinical characteristics, ASPECTS, and perfusion parameters (EVT, 45%, vs control, 21%; aOR, 4.39; 95% CI, 1.04-18.53; P = .04). Patients receiving EVT had lower odds of mortality (26%) compared with those in the control group (41%; IPTW aOR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.27-0.89; P = .02).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study of treatment beyond 24 hours of last known well, EVT was associated with higher odds of functional independence compared with medical management, with consistent results obtained in PS-matched subpopulations and patients with presence of mismatch, despite increased odds of sICH. Our findings support EVT feasibility in selected patients beyond 24 hours. Prospective studies are warranted for confirmation.
ABSTRACT This study examines the effects of attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control and taqwa on compliance intention to pay zakat on salary in East Malaysia. A deductive approach is employed to examine young public servants' compliance intention to contribute to zakat payment on their salary. The model is tested using survey data from 202 respondents in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, East Malaysia. The results obtained indicate that attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control are significantly related to the compliance intention. Besides these factors, taqwa is also significant. Besides, the post hoc analysis indicates that attitude can play a role as a mediating variable for the relationship between taqwa and compliance intention. This study improves the generalisation of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) to include zakat payment, where Islamic altruism is brought into play. Our findings are of the essence to provide valuable insights for zakat authority to manage zakat payers effectively by considering new millenials as new zakat payers' base and patronage factors as captured in this study
The advent of Covid-19 pandemic, which surprised the world in 2020, has increased the poverty gap worldwide. Malaysia is not spared. In Malaysia, zakat institutions endeavored to develop several poverty management programs to assist asnaf (poor and needy) in meeting their basic necessities while developing their own ability to escape the chains of poverty. Literature suggests that these asnaf are shackled in the poverty culture and requires close supervision. In the zeal of developing these asnaf as entrepreneurs to fulfill their tangible needs, they too need knowledge of their responsibilities as khalifah (caliphs) on earth. This study intends to examine asnaf entrepreneurial development from the perspective of Islamic-based development based on the first principle–tasawwur (or Islamic worldview). It seeks to identify how asnaf entrepreneurial development is associated with tasawwur as the mould to development. This concept covers three fundamental components of Islamic tasawwur. Based on the collection of secondary data through documents reviews and using content analysis, proves that developing asnaf entrepreneurs to be dynamic and pious entrepreneurs who are governed by the Quran’s teachings by emphasizing solely on tangible or material factors alone is inadequate. There needs to be concerted efforts to incorporate the three Islamic tasawwur components. The implication from the findings suggests that there is a need for zakat institutions, government agencies, NGOS, and the asnaf themselve to commit to develop asnaf entrepreneurs by incorporating these components in their poverty management strategies to ensure that the entrepreneurs that are born from such programs are materially independent, imbued with strong resilience requiring minimal supervision. Keywords: Islamic tasawwur, asnaf entrepreneurs, Islamic development principles, Islamic-based development, zakat
The willingness to deal with the obligation to pay zakat income among civil servants, especially in the Federal Territory of Labuan is still long-standing. The perceptions of the public on payment obligations are more focused on zakat fitrah solely. Hence, there are a handful of civil servants who are less sensitive in the payment of zakat income even if they have fulfilled the requirements as the payer of income zakat. Therefore, this study aims to review the readiness of civil servants in the Federal Territory of Labuan in fulfilling their obligation to pay zakat income. This study examines the effects of subjective norms, control of acceptable behavior, role of piety and attitude towards the willingness to pay zakat in the Federal Territory of Labuan and open new findings in the context of payment of zakat income. Abstrak Kesediaan berhubung dengan tanggungjawab membayar zakat pendapatan dalam kalangan kakitangan awam, terutamanya di Wilayah Persekutuan Labuan masih lagi ditakuk lama. Tanggapan masyarakat terhadap kewajipan membayar lebih tertumpu kepada zakat fitrah semata-mata. Lantaran itu, terdapat sebilangan kecil kakitangan awam yang kurang peka dalam pembayaran zakat pendapatan walaupun mereka telah memenuhi syarat sebagai pembayar zakat pendapatan. Oleh sebab itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau kesediaan kakitangan awam di Wilayah Persekutuan Labuan dalam menunaikan kewajipan membayar zakat pendapatan. Kajian ini mengupas kesan-kesan norma subjektif, kawalan gelagat tertanggap, peranan takwa dan sikap ke atas kesediaan membayar zakat di Wilayah Persekutuan Labuan dan membuka dapatan baharu dalam konteks pembayaran zakat pendapatan.
The contract is very important in muamalat. Takaful aqad based its tabarru’ although still exists lack among them, its much similar to regular insurance in terms of sales protection policy, fund management and and in the process of underwriting and risk classification which makes it more complicated to be understood by the community. According to layout arrangement and sentence paragraph in the takaful aqad vehicle form likely source of confusion understanding in process of aqad and operating takaful aqad vehicle, form almost similar to conventional insurance concept. This can cause an anxiety and requires an examination in order to include the concept of aqad. Comparison of Jordanian countries yields a vehicle takaful contract form as an assessment of contract studies. Abstrak Akad adalah sesuatu yang sangat penting dalam muamalat. Telah dikenal pasti akad takaful yang berteraskan tabarru’ masih wujud kekurangan yang hampir menyerupai insurans konvensional daripada segi penjualan polisi perlindungan, pengurusan dana dan dalam proses pengunderaitan serta pengkelasan risiko yang menjadikannya lebih rumit untuk difahami oleh masyarakat. Berdasarkan susun atur dan perletakan ayat serta terlalu panjang padat dan penuh dalam borang akad takaful kenderaan berkemungkinan menjadikan penyebab sumber kecelaruan pemahaman dalam membuat akad dan pengandalian borang akad takaful kenderaan yang hampir menyerupai konsep insurans konvensional. Hal ini boleh menimbulkan kebimbangan dan kajian perlu dijalankan terhadap perletakan konsep akad di dalam helaian borang daripada pelbagai segi. Perbandingan negara Jordan menghasilkan borang akad takaful kenderaan telah digunakan dalam kajian sebagai pengukur.
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