Air pollution is influenced by wind-aided particulate suspension, open-air waste burning, and fossil fuel combustion. The pollutants from these sources eventually deposit on ambient surfaces. Atmospheric wet deposition into Lagos Lagoon may be significant additions to the nutrient levels of the eutrophic lagoon. Precipitation was monitored at three stations in the Lagos Lagoon basin from May to November, 2012, in order to estimate the contribution of wet deposition to the nutrient cycles of the lagoon. Water samples were digested with potassium persulfate, and the species of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) were analyzed by colorimetric methods. The mean [NO+NO]-N level was 0.39 ± 0.51 kg ha month. The average total N was 3.16 ± 6.39 kg ha month. The mean soluble reactive P was lower than the [NO+NO]-N averaging 0.06 ± 0.09 (at control site S2) to 0.24 ± 0.10 kg ha month (at site S1). Average total P was 1.25 ± 0.82 kg ha month. The annual total N (May-September) was 4.55 (at S2) to 32.4 kg ha year (at S3). The annual total P (May-November) over Lagos Lagoon basin was 5.06 kg ha year (at S2). This study demonstrated that wet deposition of anthropogenically derived nutrients to the Lagos Lagoon is ongoing and may represent a considerable proportion of the total nutrient loading to it. The increased P availability in the wet deposition is likely responsible for the water hyacinths, which usually blossom on Lagos Lagoon during the late rainy season, and the reported harmattan-season bottom water hypoxia.
Surface water pollution has been found to be considerably driven by the contributions of airborne particles, open-air waste burning and fossil fuel combustion, ammonia volatilization from excreta, fertilizer and derivatives from explosive factories. Atmospheric deposition into the Lagos Lagoon is suspected to be a major contributor to the nutrient levels of the lagoon. Atmospheric dry nutrient deposition was monitored at six stations around the Lagos Lagoon from January to June 2012 in order to estimate the contribution of atmospheric deposits into the lagoon's nutrient cycles. Species of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) in the lagoon water were analyzed by colorimetric methods. Mean [NO(-) 3 + NO(-) 2]-N was 3.08 ± 2.10 mg m(-2) day(-1) (0.55-8.73 mg m(-2) day(-1)). The (NO(-) 3 + NO(-) 2)-N was only about 2 % of total N but [NH(+) 4 + organic]-N was approximately 38 % of total N. Particulate N was about 60 % of total N. Average total N was 144 ± 94.9 mg m(-2) day(-1) (48.0-285 mg m(-2) day(-1)). Average soluble reactive P was significantly lower than [NO(-) 3 + NO(-) 2]-N averaging about 0.12 ± 0.12 mg m(-2) day(-1). Soluble reactive P (SRP) was less than 2 % of total P but soluble organic P was about 86 % of total P. Particulate P accounted for about 12 % of total P. Average total P was 4.56 ± 10.1 mg m(-2) day(-1) (0.48-31.6 mg m(-2) day(-1)). This study shows that atmospheric deposition of nutrients into the Lagos Lagoon is taking place and this may represent a considerable proportion of the total nutrient loading of the lagoon.
Background: The substitution of hazardous analytical reagents such as Cd with benign alternatives for chemical determination is one of the principles of green chemistry. An eco-friendly Zn reduction method for nitrate determination was developed to achieve this end. Methods: Online zinc reduction-sequential injection analysis (ZnR-SIA) protocol was developed for the determination of nitrogen (N) species in the Lagos Lagoon sediments by modification of some standard methods. Results: The novel application of boric acid-borate buffer employed in borate-buffered granular Zn reduction suppressed gas evolution from the Zn micro-column, making the Zn reduction adaptable to online use, unlike the frequently used ammonia-ammonium buffer. Further results showed that the sampling rate for the two-zone stack was 65 h
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