The paper discusses the influence and relationship between corporate governance practices and firm financial performance in Islamic banking sector. Main purpose of this study is to find or identify various factors or variables that affects the firm financial performance. Corporate governance focuses on three meters as board size, number of meeting and audit committee size and firm financial performance has also three indicators return on equity, return on asset and earning per share. Data relates to corporate governance and firm financial performance is collected from annual reports of different Islamic banks to analyze the results. Data reveals the positive relationship between corporate governance and financial performance of Islamic banking sectors. The most outstanding results of this study has considerable and strong positive relationship in large board size and firm financial performance in developing countries as Pakistani circumstances.

The aim of this study is to investigate the training that has positive impact on employees' performance and productivity. This paper is quantitative in nature. Data for the paper have been collected through primary source by questionnaires surveys. The data have been checked through statistical software to find the influence and relationship of training on performance of employees. There are two variable Training (Independent) and Employees' performance (Dependent). Seven conventional banks limited are selected for the study. It is concluded that training has strong positive impact on employee performance whereas education is negatively correlated with performance in the financial institution of southern Punjab. The research paper suggest that professional training is essential element of human capital development which leads to higher productivity and performance.

This paper is an extension of Hanif, Hamad and Shahbaz estimator [1] for two-phase sampling. The aim of this paper is to develop a regression type estimator with two auxiliary variables for two-phase sampling when we don’t have any type of information about auxiliary variables at population level. To avoid multi-collinearity, it is assumed that both auxiliary variables have minimum correlation. Mean square error and bias of proposed estimator in two-phase sampling is derived. Mean square error of proposed estimator shows an improvement over other well known estimators under the same case.

Unemployment, with other factors, leads to poverty. Poverty is an important characteristics of the developing countries including Islamic countries. Poverty causes human degradation in all aspects of life. It causes widespread diseaes and ignorance which contributes in lowering physical productivity and income level. In this way, poverty perpetuates overtime. Poverty eradication needs expansion of SMEs. SMEs need less capital and create more jobs in society. Employment opportunities increase as the SMEs spread in the country. The economic impact of SMEs can be measured by their contribution to output, employment, income, investment, export and other economic indicators. But expansion of SMEs needs flow of financial resources. Current arrangement of SMEs are linked to commercial banks. Commercial Banks do not find practicable to finance SMEs because processing case for small loans, their monitoring and recovery is costly to them. A comparison between Grameen Bank Methodology and Sudanees Islamic Bank is discussed in the paper. SMEs are financed through various institutions of Islamic financing. Among their institutions, Musharka financing is an effectiveinstument. Therefore, the paper is interested to explore the issue of Musharka financing for financing SMEs in Pakistan. The paper discusses both theoritcal and practical aspects of Musharka financing. In the above back ground this paper focuses on financial problem in the light of Islamic finance. It is the content of the paper that Islamic financial framework is better alternative to micro credit programmes. To alliviate the poverty, SMEs sector can play a better role which is facing the shortage of credit.

ABSTRACT. The main purpose of the research was to evaluate the various causes of absenteeism in Government and Private school teachers in primary school Tehsil Jampur District Rajanpur (Punjab) Pakistan. 100 teachers were selected for sample. Half from government and half from private sector. In other word 50 teachers were from Government Schools and 50 were from Private School Sector. In this survey, research tool was used a questionnaire. We found out percentage for the scrutiny of information. In this scrutiny we see that Private School Teachers enjoy less leaves than Government School Teachers. Professional safety, relaxed manners of Head of Institute, various family functions, problems of conveyance and sickness are the major causes of absenteeism of the Government School Teachers. Whereas, Private School Teachers get less leaves because they believe their profession is insecure and they are less satisfied with their profession and functioning surroundings.