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This study done to investigate the role of H.influenzae and other bacterial types which cause chronic tonsillitis in children below six years of age , (120) clinical samples were collected , Included (60) samples from surface tonsiles and (60) samples from core tonsils, In the period from December 2014 to April 2015 attending Azadi teaching hospital and general Kirkuk hospital in Kirkuk city, 147 different bacterial isolation were obtained which showed positive for bacteriological culture. The result showed obvicus differences in bacterial species between surface throat and core swabs and the most common isolates was : Streptococcus spp. which came at first order (54) isolates (36.73%) , And Staphylococcus spp. came secondly with (45) (30.61%). Haemophilus spp. Which came in third order with (18) (12.24%), And Pseudomonas spp. With (14) (9.52%), And Proteus spp.with (12) (8.16%), And Klebsiella spp. With(4) (2.72%). The result showed infection with chronic tonsillitis in males about 60% and in the females 40% , The serotyping results appears that H.ifluenzae type (Hib) was common 81.81% , but Biotyping results (III,I) was more common types 33.33%. H.influenzae isolates exhibit high resistance to the antibiotics Ampicillin, Gentamycin, Erythromycin, Tetracyclin, Amoxicillin, Co-trimeexazole, Piperacillin and Cephalothin, while appeared highly sensitive to antibiotics Cefotaxime, Chloramphenicol, Ciprofloxacin, Azithromycin, Imipenem and Ceftriaxone,The study showed inhibitory effect of Water extracts (Thuja-pomegranate peel, garlic) on the growth of bacteria H.influenzae.

The present study was conducted on broiler chickens (at day 21 age) which were infected by oral administration with Eimeria tenella oocyst suspension containing

Three hundred clinical sample were collected from patients admitted and comers to (Azadi Teaching, Kirkuk General, kidsGeneral) hospitals, 140 sample from females with percentage (46.6%) and 160 sample frommale (53.3%), and through it found that 24 samples with percentage (17.14%) represented positive for bacterial growth in females and 26 samples with(16.25%) represented positive bacterial growth of male cases. The ability of Pseudo. aeruginosa to produce pyocyanin on various media were show that 43 clinical isolates of Pseudo.aeruginosa (86%) produced pyocyanin on two media (Nutrient agar, Muller hinton agar) and 15 (30%) produced the pigment on Macconky agar and 24 isolates (48%) on blood agar. While the effect of pyocyanin pigment on the growth of different pathogenic bacterial isolates the results showed that a gram positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus was more sensitive to the pyocyanin pigment than gram negative

S.aureus bacteria is considered one of the most important types of human diseases. It causes many types of diseases like , Inflammation of the skin and acute infection in different organs of the body. The pathogenesis of this bacteria comes from factors of intensity that it own , and it helps to cause the injury. The study included the collection (278) included the same clinical samples of urinary tract infections and swabs of wounds and burns, and blood samples and swabs from ear from Kirkuk General Hospital and Tuz. General hospital in period from April until October 2013. Total diagnosed 30 clinical isolation form Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. They are distributed as : 7 isolates (Urinary tract infection) From 100 isolation ,as ratio 7%, 5 isolates (Wound infections) form 60 isolation , as ratio 8.3% , 8 isolates (burns infections) form 40 isolation ,as ratio 1.20% , 3

The study included isolation and diagnosis of Escherichia coli from clinical and animal sources (humans, cows, sheep, birds, chickens, fish, and gecko). It collected 275 samples distributed to 125 clinical samples taken from urine and 150 samples distributed to other organisms with 25 samples per organism. The isolates used in the study were diagnosed on the appearance, microscopy, and chemical tests, as well as confirmatory testing of isolations through the use of the Api 20 E tape, where 41 isolations of E. coli bacteria were obtained from the clinical source and 89 isolation from other organisms. Some fertility factors of bacterial isolates were studied, all bacterial isolates were found to be Capsule productive, while all were non-Hemolysin enzymes, and Extended Spectrum β-lactamase enzymes were 41% (53/130), and isolates' ability to form biofilm was investigated where isolates were producers 60% (77/130). Three isolates were selected for each source to study their plasmid content, Electrically phased isolators on agarose gels have shown a different variety in their plasmid content.

This study included isolating and diagnosing Staphylococcus aureus in those who diagnosed with urinary tract Infection. In this study 200, sample were collected: (100 males and 100 females). The Isolates were diagnosed based on phenotypic and microscopic characteristics and biochemical tests. In addition, the confirmatory test was conducted using API 20 staph system and 38 Isolates were obtained (23 from females and 15 from males). Some virulence factors of S.aureus Isolates were studied. These studies showed that 76.31% of the Isolates were able to produce DNase, and all isolates were bioflim-producers. The results of the isolates production of hemolysin were that 65.78% caused a full Hemolysis. Also, the ability of bacterial isolates to produce broad-spectrum beta-lactamase enzyme was studied and its production rate was 55.26% and the ability of isolates to adhering was 81.57%.