This study aimed to record the prevalence of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and oral parafunctions among Saudi children. A questionnaire and a clinical examination of signs and symptoms of TMD were performed on 1940 stratified randomly selected schoolchildren. The sample was divided into three groups, 505 with primary, 737 with mixed and 734 with permanent dentition. The prevalence of TMD signs was found to be 20AE7% and the most common sign of TMD was joint sounds (11AE8%). The second most common sign was restricted mouth opening (5AE3%). Muscle and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain as well as deviation upon jaw opening appeared infrequently. TMJ sounds were significantly increasing with age (P < 0AE05). TMD symptoms as reported by the parents were evident in 24AE2% of the returned questionnaires (1113). The most common symptoms were headache (13AE6%) and pain on chewing (11AE1%). The incidence of headache was found to be significantly increasing from primary to permanent dentition (P < 0AE01). No sex difference in the prevalence of any symptom was reported. Nail biting was the most common oral parafunction (27AE7%) while bruxism was the least common (8AE4%). All parafunctions except bruxism were significantly related to age. Cheek biting and thumb sucking were reported more in females than in males. The importance of a screening examination for symptoms and signs of TMD should not be overlooked in the clinical assessment of the pediatric patient.
The aim of the present study was to compare, clinically and radiographically, the mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) to formocresol (FC) when used as medicaments in pulpotomized vital human primary molars. METHODS: The sample consisted of 120 primary molars, all teeth were treated with the same conventional pulpotomy technique. Sixty molars received FC and 60 received MTA throughout a random selection technique. RESULTS: At the end of 24-month evaluation period, 74 molars (36 FC, 38 MTA) were available for clinical and radiographic evaluation. None of the MTA treated teeth showed any clinical or radiographic pathology, while the FC group showed a success rate of 86.8% radiographically and 98.6% clinically. The difference between the two groups i n the radiographic outcomes was statistically significant. It was concluded that MTA treated molars demonstrated significantly greater success. MTA seems to be a suitable replacement for formocresol in pulpotomized primary teeth.
Summary. Occlusal characteristics of the primary dentition vary among populations and ethnic groups. This cross‐sectional study aimed to record various primary dentition parameters in 520 3–5‐year‐old randomly selected Saudi children and to observe the differences between the age groups. 80% of the children had a ‘flush terminal plane’ molar relationship. The proportion of the children with ‘distal step’ molar relationship was significantly lower at age 5 (7%) than at age 3 (16%). 86% of the children had Class I canine relationship, with no significant differences between the age groups. The degree of overbite was significantly less in the 5‐year‐olds than in the 3‐year‐olds. The majority of the children (76%) had an overjet of 0–2 mm, but the prevalence of 0–1 mm overjet was significantly higher, and that of 2–3 mm significantly lower, in the elder age group. The prevalence of anterior crossbite was 2% and of posterior crossbite 4%. The prevalence of malocclusion was lower in these subjects than in some Caucasian populations. Resumé. Caractéristiques de l'occlusion en denture temporaire chez un groupe d'enfants d'Arabie Saoudite Les caractéristiques de l'occlusion en denture temporaire varient entre les différentes populations et groupes ethniques. Cette étude croisée a eu pour but d'enregistrer les différents paramétres de la denture temporaire chez 520 enfants saoudiens, âgés de 3 à 5 ans, choisis au hasard et d'observer les différences entre les groupes d'âge. Quatre‐ vingt pour cent des enfants avaient une relation terminale molaire plane. La proportion des enfants avec une relation d'engrénement molaire distal était significativement plus basse à l'âge de 5 ans (7%) qu'à l'âge de 3 ans (16%). Quatre‐vingt‐six pour cent des enfants avaient une relation de Classe 1 canine sans différences significatives entre les groupes d'âge. Le degré d'overbite était significativement plus bas chez les enfants de 5 ans que chez les enfants de 3 ans. La majorité des enfants (76%) avait un overjet de 0.2 mm mais la prévalence de 0.1 mm était significativement plus élevée, celle de 2–3 mm significativement plus basse dans le groupe des enfants plus âgés. La prévalence du crossbite antérieur était de 2% et du crossbite postérieur de 4%. La prévalence des malocclusions était plus basse chez ces sujets que dans certaines populations caucasiennes. Zusammenfassung. Eigenheiten der Milchgebissokklusion bei eine Gruppe von Saudischen Kindern Okklusale Eigenschaften der ersten Dentition sind unterschiedlich bei verschiedenen ethnischen Gruppen. Diese Durchnittsstudie an 520 3–5 jährigen Kinder beschreibt die verschiedenen Parameter der Milchgebisse von Saudischen Kindern und die Unterschiede zwischen den Altersgruppen. 80 Prozent der Kinder hatten einen ‘flush terminal plane’ der Molarenbeziehung. Bei den 5 jährigen war die distale Molarenbeziehung niedriger (7%) als bei den 7 jährigen (16%). 86% hatten eine K11 Eckzahnverzahnung ohne signifikanten Unterschied bezÜglich des Alters. Die Anzahl der Kinder mit Overbite war significant ...
Background: Review of post-operative morbidity reports for pediatric dental care under general anesthesia (GA) show great variations. Until now, no morbidity data has been available to estimate the safety of pediatric patients under GA for dental rehabilitation in Saudi Arabia. The purposes of this study were to (1) investigate post-operative complications associated with dental care under GA and (2) correlate morbidity reports with patient's characteristics, dental procedures, and hospital protocol.
BackgroundDental fear (DF) is a challenging problem in dentistry. It is multifactorial in origin and many contributing factors have been identified. The aim of the study was to assess dental fear among 12–15 years old Arabic speaking children in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and its relation to demographic variables, previous dental experience, and child behaviour.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, a total of 1522 boys and girls from middle schools in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia participated in this study during the period of 2014 to 2016. The Children’s Fear Survey Schedule–Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) was used to assess DF. A parental questionnaire was used to record the children’s previous dental experience. Children were examined for caries and the children’s behaviour was assessed during dental examination using Frankl Behaviour Rating Scale. The associations between different variables and the CFSS-DS scores were analysed using t-tests, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression analysis.ResultsThe response rate of the questionnaires was 78.6%. The mean CFSS-DS score was 25.99 ± 9.3 out of a maximum of 75. Bivariate analysis showed that younger children, girls, and public-school students were significantly more fearful than older children, boys, and private school children, respectively (P < 0.001). Children who showed poor behaviour during dental examination were significantly more fearful than those with good behaviour (P < 0.001). Regression analysis showed that children who had significantly higher scores of dental fear were the children who did not visit the dentist in the past year due to dental fear; who never visited the dentist or those who only visited the dentist on pain; who were reported by parents as crying, screaming, or resistant during their previous dental visit; and those who were described to be in pain during previous dental treatment. Dental caries showed no significant association with DF.ConclusionsThis study confirms that DF is low among 12–15 years old Arabic speaking children in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. DF is associated with age, gender, school type, irregular patterns of dental visits, painful experiences during previous dental visits and negative behaviours during dental examinations.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12903-018-0496-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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