Electrophysiological correlates of the processing facial expressions were investigated in subjects performing the rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) task. The peak latencies of the event-related potential (ERP) components P1, vertex positive potential (VPP), and N170 were 165, 240 and 240 ms, respectively. The early anterior N100 and posterior P1 amplitudes elicited by fearful faces were larger than those elicited by happy or neutral faces, a finding which is consistent with the presence of a ‘negativity bias’. The amplitude of the anterior VPP was larger when subjects were processing fearful and happy faces than when they were processing neutral faces; it was similar in response to fearful and happy faces. The late N300 and P300 not only distinguished emotional faces from neutral faces but also differentiated between fearful and happy expressions in lag2. The amplitudes of the N100, VPP, N170, N300, and P300 components and the latency of the P1 component were modulated by attentional resources. Deficient attentional resources resulted in decreased amplitude and increased latency of ERP components. In light of these results, we present a hypothetical model involving three stages of facial expression processing.

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This study examined the influence of emotion on time perception and its neural correlates by measuring event-related potentials. Participants were asked to discriminate a previously memorized 700 ms 'standard' duration from 490, 700 and 910 ms, which were presented by emotional and neutral faces. The results showed decreased contingent negative variation potentials, which index timing, for emotional conditions versus the neutral condition. In addition, under the emotional conditions, the P160 and P240 amplitudes were enhanced and the N230 amplitude was decreased. These findings suggest that temporal processing can be modulated by emotion, even within 200 ms of the stimulus onset, and that the attentional bias for emotion attenuates the cognitive resources for time perception.

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