Background: The antinociceptive potential study of different parts of Ehretia serrata Roxb and Ehretia obtusifolia are least explored till now. These plant parts are usually used as fodder and wood in Asia. The aim of this work was to find the antinociceptive effects of the methanolic extracts of leaves, fruits and stem barks of these plants in mice. Methods: The antinoceceptive activity of methanolic extract of leaf, fruit, and stem bark of E. serrata and E. obtusifolia in mice was carried out by means of the hot plate method and by using diclofenac sodium as a standard. Twenty groups of 12 h starved mice were prepared where each group comprised of five mice only. While all these starved mice were allowed free access to clean water. In this study, both male and female Albino mice were used. Analgesiometer was used for this bio-essay. Results: The results showed that the dose significantly (P<0.05) reduced the time spent in pain behaviour in all assessment times (0 min, 30 min and 60 min) hence indicating that the plant possesses antinociceptive potential. Conclusion: It is confirmed through the findings that E. serrata and E. obtusifloia exhibit strong antinociceptive action in animal model of hot plate which needs verification in other paradigms too.
The current study deals with the pharmacognostic and pharmacological assessment of Emex spinosa (L.) Campd. The macro studies of leaf showed reticulate venation, anatomically the surface showed stomata with paracytic pattern, polygonal epidermal cells on adaxial surface, single layered palisade cells and vascular bundles. Multicellular trichomes and perismatic crystals were recorded in the powder drug. The transverse section of the stem showed epidermis, cortex, cork, metaxylem, protoxylem, medulla and phloem. Phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of carbohydrates, proteins, phenols, alkaloids, triterpenoids and flavonoids.The total flavonoids content was 15.08 mg/g in stem, 58.66 mg/g in leaf and 37.39 mg/g in fruit. The total phenolic content varied was 77.84 mg/g in stem, 97.09 mg/g in leaf and 97.72 mg/g in fruit. The highest percent value for free radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), was shown by fruit extract 90.45%, followed by leaf 79.32% and lowest by stem 48.33%. The acute toxicity test of the crude extract was safe up to the dose of 50 mg/kg. The leaf extract showed significant cytotoxic activity at concentration of 500 mg/ml against brine shrimps (80%), stem extract showed low activity. Fruit Atropine sulphate extracts produced highest, 55.94%, inhibition at a dose of 2 mg/kg whereas the fruit methanolic extract showed the highest percent inhibition (24.4%) at a dose of 10 mg/kg. Phytotoxic activity in all the plant extracts was moderate at and low at concentrations of 1000µg/ml and 10 µg/ml respectively.
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