The paranasal sinuses are hollowed, air-filled cavities surrounding the nasal cavity. Many pathological processes affect the sinuses, but inflammatory conditions are the commonest, even in asymptomatic patients who undergo head imaging for other indications showing one or more abnormalities of the sinuses. Our research aims to determine the prevalence of incidental paranasal sinuses abnormalities seen among patients who undergo head CT scanning. In addition, it provides baseline information for further investigations required. The study was designed to evaluate all patients who underwent head CT scanning for any reason unrelated to paranasal sinuses abnormalities. 1849 cases were selected and retrospectively analyzed from the elective and emergency CT in the last nine months, from August 2020 to April 2021. In order to meet the inclusion criteria, indications for imaging must not be sinus-related. The study was conducted on 1849 cases who had undergone head CT scans for pathology, 1204 (65%) were male and 645 (35%) were female. Abnormalities of the sinuses were found in about 617 (33%) of all patients, with a higher rate in males (22.23%) than females (11.14%). In addition, these abnormalities were found in younger patients at a higher rate than in middle and old ages 19.74%, 7.19%, and 6.44%, respectively. Our findings revealed that the prevalence of paranasal sinuses abnormalities in asymptomatic Saudi patients was high (33%). Most of the affected sinuses were the maxillary. The male patients were more affected than females in all findings.
Objective: To estimate the Primary Hypothyroidism and to study its effects on the Quality of Life of those patients. Study design: It was a Cross-Sectional Study done using random sampling. Sample size: 463 patients Duration and location of the study: It was done between December 2018 and December 2019 in outpatient clinics of a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh. Study tool: The quality of life of these patients was assessed by World Health Organization (WHO) Health Survey 36-Item Short Form (SF-36) questionnaire with a score less than 50% was considered to be ‘Poor quality’. Results: The response rate of participants was 92.6% and the prevalence of Primary Hypothyroidism was observed to be 47.8%. They experienced a poor mental health with an average score (35.1 ± 1.6). Factors such as illiteracy (35.0 ±1.0), primary level of education (29.4 ± 3.6), housewife (43.49 ± 38.19) and the retired patients (20.31 ± 37.88) had a poor Physical function (P=0.001). However, the patients without primary hypothyroidism had better quality of life with physical, social and mental functional scores (P=0.001). The statistically significant poor quality of life observed due to poor education, income level and marital status exposed the need for the guidelines and management of this morbidity in the Saudi community. Keywords: Primary Hypothyroidism, SF-36, Quality of Life, Cross-Sectional study
The number of COVID-19 cases has continued to rise since the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a global pandemic in March 2020. At this time, WHO has received reports of about 460 million confirmed illnesses and over 6 million deaths. In Saudi Arabia, the number of confirmed cases has nearly surpassed 750 thousand, with COVID-19 responsible for approximately 9,000 deaths. Vaccination is the most effective approach to prevent this pandemic, and persons who have had three doses are better protected than those who have not. The goal of this study is to look into the adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccine after the third booster dosage in Saudi Arabian healthcare personnel. Between November 2021 and April 2022, a cross-sectional survey was conducted using simply a questionnaire. Pain at injection site was the commonest side effect, followed by fatigue and headache. There is a temperature and edema at the injection site, respectively. 27.71 percent of female participants experienced menstrual cycle changes such as delayed or menorrhagia. The side effects are comparable to those experienced after the first and second COVID-19 vaccination doses. More research on long-term side effects, as well as studies into the relationship between menstrual cycle changes and COVID-19 vaccination, is needed.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can infect children of all ages. Despite the fact that children have a lower risk of exposure and are tested less frequently than adults, their incidence is similar to that of adults. The most effective way to prevent COVID-19 infection is by vaccination. The study's objective was to document vaccination side effects in children aged 5 to 18 years. This cross-sectional study had 303 participating kids between the ages of 5 and 18 in its sample. During the months of March and April 2022, a validated modified questionnaire was circulated as a Google form to KSA citizens via social networking sites. The questionnaire asked questions about the participant's background, socio-demographic information, vaccination history, the mild and major adverse effects of the Pfizer vaccine and how those symptoms affected the child's health and quality of life. There was a total of 303 responses; all of them received two doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech covid-19 vaccine. They were 163 female children (54 %) and 140 males (46 %).The most frequently reported minor adverse effects were body tiredness (88.2%), moderate fever (76.5%), mild headache (72.3%) and discomfort, redness and swelling at the injection site (90.7%). The most reported severe side effects were severe headache (32.8%) and high fever (21.8%). Only five children (4.2%) required hospitalization for 1-3 days. The most common side effects for the Pfizer Covid-19 were the mild and moderate one including pain, redness and swelling at the injection site, fatigue, fever and headache.Most of the symptoms were not severe to need hospital admission.
Due to various factors, medical students are at higher risk of perceived stress than the general population during the pandemic . This study was planned to assess the stress levels and the occurrence of various mental health issues among graduate medical students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Following scales were used for this study -1) DSM-5 Self-Rated Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure-Adult (CCSM-A) -for assessing the prevalence of common mental health issues, 2) Perceived Stress Scale to assess perceived stress and 3) Student Stress due to COVID-19. Questionnaire to assess global stress score related to COVID-19. 123 participants were contacted, out of which 109 (88.6%) agreed to participate in the study. The most of the students (33.9%) were from the second academic year. Anxiety (72%) and depressive symptoms (70%) were the most common symptoms reported by the students as per the CCSM-A scale. The mean (SD) perceived stress score and global stress score was 18.3 (5.7) and 7.6 (5.4), respectively.Anger, suicidal ideation and substance use were significantly associated with the year of study after adjusting for age and self-perceived COVID risk.Graduate medical students experience a significant burden of mental health conditions. Periodic mental health assessment and provision of early and adequate mental health services to those in need are the need of the hour in the post-pandemic recovery phase.
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