Background:The key method to let people follow a healthier lifestyle and to prevent chronic noncommunicable diseases is health promotion. Students in the medical field have to play a crucial role as in restoring and promoting health.
Objective(s):The present study was carried out to assess health promoting lifestyle and self-efficacy among fourth grade medical students at Alexandria Faculty of Medicine, as well as to identify factors affecting their lifestyle in health promotion. Methods: A cross-sectional survey on 609 undergraduate fourth year medical students at Alexandria Faculty of Medicine during the academic year 2018-2019 was carried out. Participants were interviewed at the time they attended Community Medicine Department according to the faculty schedule. General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) and Health-Promotion Lifestyle Profile (HPLP II) questionnaires were the research tools used to identify student's health promoting lifestyle and their self-efficacy status. Results: More than half of the studied medical students (57%) showed good self-efficacy. The mean score for health promoting lifestyle profile was 2.4 ± 0.36 out of 4. The highest mean scores were for interpersonal relationships and spiritual growth domains. However, the lowest mean scores were for physical activity and health responsibility domains. Having a good self-efficacy perception, being free from psychiatric diseases, as well as practicing regular physical exercise were significant predictors of a promoting lifestyle among the studied medical students. Conclusion: More than half of the studied students had good general self-efficacy status. The highest mean scores of health promoting lifestyle domains were for interpersonal relationships and spiritual growth domains. Therefore, creating supportive educational environment that values healthy lifestyle and its vital link to student performance is needed.
Background: Since identification of the first case on Feb. 14, Egypt had implemented several control measures. This research aimed at study the time trend of the transmissibility and mortality of COVID 19 in Egypt. Methods: Published data on daily reported cases and deaths since the start of the epidemic till week 19 were used. We estimated the basic reproductive number (R 0) during the early phase of the epidemic using the simple exponential growth method (SEG) and time dependent method (TD). Then we estimated time varying effective reproductive number (R e) after implementation of the control measures by applying the TD method. Moreover, the trend in the Case Fatality Rate (CFR) throughout the study period was studied. Results: With SEG method, R 0 was found to be 2.26 (2.15-2.38) and 2.58 (2.43-2.72) for infectious period of 8 and 10 days, respectively. While by the TD method, R 0 was estimated to be 2.34 (95% CrI: 2.05-2.64) and 3.01 (95% CrI: 2.64-3.40) for mean ± SD of SI equals 5.8 ± 2.6 and 7.5 ± 3.4, respectively. With TD method, R e decreased from the initial value of R 0 to reach 1.30 (95% crI: 1.17-1.45) in week 7. After that R e values fluctuated closely around 1. CFR reached its peak (7.7%) on April 12 then it decreased to its lowest value (3.4%) after two months before increasing slightly again to (4.1%) in the last days. Conclusion and recommendation: The initial Basic reproductive number was high in Egypt. Effective reproductive number dropped after control measures till fluctuating around one. CFR also declined over time but slight increase in the last days was observed. After relaxation of the control measures, we recommend the instantaneous monitoring of the transmissibility and mortality in Egypt.
Background
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) represent a range of both psychiatric and physical symptoms that impair quality of life and interfere with daily activities in females.
Aims
To assess the prevalence of PMS and PMDD in Egypt, Jordan and Syria, its demographic associations and the potential link to sexual harassment (SH).
Methods
We used an Arabic version of the premenstrual symptoms screening tool (PSST) to assess the prevalence of PMS and PMDD. Another two-part questionnaire was used to assess the harassment experience.
Results
22,021 women agreed to fill the questionnaire; the majority (65%) aged 18–25 years old. PMS was more prevalent in Egyptian women 77.7% followed by women from Jordan 72.9% then Syria 66.3%. PMDD prevalence followed the same order (40%, 34.7% and 28.2%). Both conditions were significantly associated with obesity and working in medical careers (P = .001). 5733 women agreed to share their sexual harassment experience. Results showed a significant association between the diversity and frequency of sexual harassment and the frequency of the pre-menstrual conditions, PMS Frequency was 87.6%, 80.7% and 78% in participants who were harassed on daily basis Vs. once weekly or monthly vs. few times in their lifetime (p = .04). A similar statistically significant difference was noticed regarding having PMDD (66.4% vs. 47.6% vs. 42.5%).
Conclusion
The study showed high levels of both PMS and PMDD. The data provided by this study also sheds light on a potential link between SH and developing Pre-menstrual disorders.
Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a worldwide public health problem, affecting about 3% of the world's population. The introduction of sofosbuvir (Sovaldi) markedly changed therapeutic outcomes. The assessment of HRQoL in HCV patients under treatment might help to better understand the effect of treatment on the patient's quality of life. Aim: The study was conducted to assess the quality of life of chronic hepatitis C patients receiving Sovaldi at the outpatient hepatology clinic in Sharq Almadina hospital. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among chronic hepatitis C patients receiving Sovaldi treatment regimen for at least 3 months. Data was collected from the studied CHCV patients using face-to-face interviews including personal & sociodemographic characteristics, The chronic liver disease questionnaire (CLDQ) to assess health-related quality of life, and the translated Arabic version of the short-form (SF 36) generic quality of life questionnaire. In addition, reviewing the medical records of studied CHCV patients to collect data about their laboratory findings was done. Results: More than two-thirds of studied patients (69.1%) discovered the disease during the National Egyptian Campaign. The overall median value of SF-36Q items was 53.19 indicating a poor HRQoL. There were significant positive correlations between the majority of SF-36Q individual domain scores and that for CLDQ P <0.001 as well as the total scores. Conclusions: There were significant positive correlations between the majority of SF-36Q individual domain scores and that for CLDQ as well as the total scores.
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