Background: Depression and anxiety are among the most common mental disorders before and after surgery. Aromatherapy is a treatment that has grown substantially in recent years in comparison with other complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) to relieve anxiety. Objectives: This study investigated the effect of inhaling lavender essence on the physiological and psychological status of patients who are candidates for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed on 60 patients who were undergoing CABG surgery at the hospitals of Artesh Jomhory Eslami (AJA) University of Medical Sciences in Iran. Patients who met specific inclusion criteria were selected and randomly allocated into two groups: a control group that inhaled room air and an experimental group that inhaled from a piece of cotton impregnated with two drops of lavender essence. This intervention was done on the morning of surgery. To evaluate these measures, a Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) questionnaire was filled out by the patient before and after the intervention. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive and analytic statistics. Results: After the intervention, the study results showed statistically significant differences between the two study groups in heart rate (mean = 78.83, P = 0.02) and anxiety level (mean = 6.63, P = 0.02). However, the differences between the two groups were not significant regarding stress level (mean = 8.63, P = 0.55) and other physiological variables. Conclusions: Inhalation aromatherapy is an effective method for reducing the heart rate and the level of anxiety in patients before CABG surgery. Given that the physiological and psychological health of patients are important responsibilities for nurses, aromatherapy can be considered a safe and effective relaxation method before invasive interventions. Learning this method is recommended for students and nurses.

Kangaroo care appears to increase the length of time that preterm infants spend in deep sleep and quiet awake states as compared with simply being held in their mothers' arms. Replication of this research will strengthen the results.

Introduction: Anxiety is one of the factors which increase mortality in patients with cardiac diseases. The aim of this study is the effect of acupressure on Patient's anxietywho candidate for coronary angiography Materials and Methods: This is a randomized controlled clinical trial study which was done at 1393. A total of 60 patients with age of 35-80 years old; literate, without history of using acupressure, with previous history of coronary vessels angiography, mental illnesses, drug addiction, anatomical and skin problem in P6 point and Thumb of two hands; were selected and randomly divided in two groups. Intervention group received pressure on the P6 point of two hands and control group received pressure on the Thumb of two hands. The interventions were performed in the morning day of angiography. Before and 30 min after intervention Spielberger state anxiety questionnaire was filled out by the patients then data were statistic analyzed.Results: Intervention and control groups didn't have any meaningful differences in demographic characteristics, anxiety level (p> 0/05). After intervention independent T test results presented meaningfully differences in anxiety level (p =0/001). Discussion and Conclusion:According to meaningful reduction which was seen in anxiety level; may say acupressure is a suitable method for patient's candidate for coronary angiography anxiety reduction.

Background: Lack of suitable educational programs in nursing causes irreparable damage to the community's health and reduces the academic credibility of universities. In Iran, the master of science in nursing (MScN) program is not tailored to the needs of the community, and graduates lack the required nursing skills. Considering the distinguished quality of higher education in Japan, the aim of the present study is to perform a comparative analysis of MScN programs in Iran and Japan. Methods: In this descriptive comparative study, an extensive electronic search was carried out in Persian and English databases, including PubMed, Iran Medex, Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar, scientific information database (SID), and MagIran among articles published during 1997 -2016. The gathered data were categorized and compared according to the study objectives. Results: In comparison with Iran, Japan has a longer history of postgraduate nursing programs, and its educational system has prominent strengths and advantages including: admission interviews; English language requirements for admission; versatility and flexibility of the educational curricula to facilitate student employment during education; integration of research-based units in the curricula; and attention to community-based and home care nursing. Conclusions:Comparison of the educational systems of Iran and Japan highlights the need for more flexible curricula in Iran in accordance with the community's needs.

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Objective One of the common problems of patients undergoing open heart surgery is physiological disorders due to anxiety that can affect the result of surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Benson relaxation on the physiological sysmptoms of patients undergoing open heart surgery. Methods This is a clinical trial performed on 90 candidates for open heart surgery referred to the hospitals affiliated to AJA University of Medical Sciences in Tehran in 2014. The subjects were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. In both groups, the physiological symptoms (respiratory rate, pulse rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure) of the patients were measured one day before surgery. Benson relaxation was performed on patients in the experimental group in the morning of the surgery day and the physiological symptoms of both groups were evaluated after intervention. Data analysis was performed in SPSS V. 21 software using Chi-square test, paired t-test and independent t-test at a significance level of P <0.05. Results There was no significant difference in physiological symptoms of both groups before intervention. After intervention, a significant difference between the groups was reported in terms of all physiological variables (P=0.001). Paired t-test results also showed a significant difference between the two groups before and after the intervention in terms of all physiological variables except diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion Benson relaxation significantly improved the physiological status of patients undergoing open heart surgery. It is recommended that nurses use this method to improve the physiological status of these patients.

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