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The use of plant material in a diet to increase the growth of fish may be beneficial and can reduce the production cost. This research was carried out at Behbahan University, Iran, in 2016 with a view to determining effects of Beta vulgaris powder on feeding, growth and survival of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). A total of 360 individuals (mean weight, 20 g; mean standard length, 9 cm) were randomly divided into 12 tanks for treatments. Fish were fed diets with 0% (control), 0.5% (T1), 1% (T2) and 2% (T3) of B. vulgaris powder for six weeks. The results showed that the addition of B. vulgaris to fish diets had a positive effect on survival index and feed conversion index of fish. The presence of B. vulgaris in the diet had increased specific growth rate, and hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic indices.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utilization of Beta vulgaris powder as feed ingredient in the diet of Cyprinus carpio for a period of 56 days. Common carp fry with an average weight of 20 ± 0.2 g were fed using the diet containing B. vulgaris leaves with different concentrations. Fry of Cyprinus carpio were equally distributed in four feeding groups having three replicates each. The study was conducted indoors, in FRP tanks, and aeration was provided to individual rearing units, and it was a flow‐through system. The basal diet was replaced at 0.5%, 1%, and 2% with B. vulgaris powder. The basal diet without B. vulgaris powder (0%) served as control (T1). Significantly higher feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, and fat and protein indices were recorded in fish fed with B. vulgaris powder in treatments. Different feeding groups showed greater acceptability of B. vulgaris powder mixed diet without any adverse behavioral response. The protein and fat average percentages were 43.32 and 10.79 g, when fish reached commercial weight (48.02, 11.85 g) after 56 days for treatment 2%. After fish feeding with the B. vulgaris, for treatment 2% lower moisture than the control was recorded. The carp fish diet containing 1% B. vulgaris leaf powder caused a significant decrease in the fish fat content. It can be concluded that the diet containing 2% B. vulgaris leaf powder in the common carp led to better growth performance. The presence of B. vulgaris leaves in the fish diet increased the fillet protein and ash content.

Background: The optimizing nutritional conditions are effective in the quantitative and qualitative position of carp production. The use of plant material in the fish diet to reduce production costs and increase growth rate. The aim of present research was to investigate the effect of different levels of powder Beta vulgaris was preformatted on some indices of nutrition and the fillet analysis of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Methods: The 360 fish with a weight average of 20 g and a standard length of 9 cm were selected and randomly divided into 12 tanks. The experiment consisted of 4 treatments and 3 triplicates. The fishes were fed to diet containing 0.5%, 1% and 2% of Beta vulgaris powder for 6 weeks. The nutrition indices and chemical composition of the fish fillet were studied. Results: The adding Beta vulgaris leaves powder to the fish diet had a positive effect on the nutrition indices. Feed conversion ratio was increased by adding Beta vulgaris to diet, and there was a significant difference between dietary conversion efficiency and protein/fat ratio and protein content in compared to the control. Conclusions: The adding 1% of Beta vulgaris powder to fish diet caused a decrease in the fat content which significantly difference found with other treatments. The presence of Beta vulgaris leaves in the diet increased the protein and ash contents in the fish fillet. By adding 2% Beta vulgaris powder to fish diet in 56 days, it resulted in fillets with high nutritional value and high amount of fat and protein, which are suitable for human nutrition.

Background The optimizing nutritional conditions are effective in the quantitative and qualitative position of carp production. The use of plant material in the fish diet to reduce production costs and increase growth rate. Objectives The aim of present research was to investigate the effect of different levels of powder Beta vulgaris was preformatted on some indices of nutrition and the fillet analysis of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Methods The 360 fish with a weight average of 20 g and a standard length of 9 cm were selected and randomly divided into 12 tanks. The experiment consisted of 4 treatments and 3 triplicates. The fishes were fed to diet containing 0.5%, 1% and 2% of Beta vulgaris powder for 6 weeks. The nutrition indices and chemical composition of the fish fillet were investigated. Results The adding Beta vulgaris leaves powder to the fish diet had a positive effect on the nutrition indices. Feed conversion ratio was increased by adding Beta vulgaris to diet, and there was a significant difference between dietary conversion efficiency and protein/fat ratio and protein content in compared to the control. Conclusion The adding 1% of Beta vulgaris powder to fish diet caused a decrease in the fat content which significantly difference found with other treatments. The presence of Beta vulgaris leaves in the diet increased the protein and ash contents in the fish fillet.

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