Background and objective Diversified agricultural production is considered a means to enhance food diversity at the household level, particularly in developing countries where subsistence farming is common. Given the importance of a diversified diet for human health and the persistent malnutrition problem in Bangladesh, a pressing issue is how different crops and livestock production affect household food diversification, and this study sought to answer that question. Methods Using a multistage sampling procedure, data were collected from 190 small farm holder households from Hatiya (a coastal rural sub-district of Noakhali, Bangladesh). Farm production diversity (FPD) is measured using the household biodiversity index (HBI), a simple count of all crops and livestock produced on the farm. The household dietary diversity score (HDDS) is calculated, according to Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) guidelines, by counting 12 food groups consumed by the households in the last 24 h preceding the survey. Results On average, households consumed 6.49 food groups during the reference day, according to the household biodiversity index (HBI). The generalized Poisson log-linear regression results indicated that farm production diversity had a positive association with HDDS; one group of farm production increased the household dietary diversity (HDD) by 0.084 unit [β: 0.084, 95% CI: 0.064, 0.106; Exp (B): 1.087], an 8.7% increase in dietary diversity. Total land size, less time to reach the district market, and improved irrigation process affect dietary diversity in bivariate analysis. Farmer's reliance on production diversity reduces when the market is more accessible and improved irrigation is used for production. Conclusion Smallholder farm households in Bangladesh could benefit from context-specific, food-based nutrition-sensitive agriculture policies that focus on triangulation of diversified production, greater market access, and updated agricultural technology utilization.
Obesity is becoming the most common health problem of the 21st century, as it will contribute significantly to the high prevalence of cardiovascular disease in developing countries. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity and determine potential influencing factors among adults in selected areas in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in4 districts of Bangladesh (Dhaka, Mymensing, Khulna and Sylhet) in 2018. A total of 400 respondents aged 18-93 years from the general population were included using a multistage stratified random cluster sampling design. Data were obtained from face-to-face interview and physical examination. After being weighted according to a complex sampling scheme, the sample was used to estimate the prevalence of overweight (body mass index (BMI) 23-27.49kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥27.5kg/m2).The overall prevalence of overweight was 23.25% (male 25.11%; female 20.61%), and the prevalence of obesity was 6.75% (male 6.81%; female 6.67%). The prevalence of both overweight and obesity were higher in men than women (p<0.001). The prevalence of overweightwas higher inrespondents aged 36 to50 years than others age group .The prevalence of obesitywas higher inrespondents aged 51 to 65 yearsthan others age group (p<0.05). The results of this study will be helpful to policy makers in developing education and publicity to prevent and control the occurrence of overweight and obesity
Background: Dengue, a mosquito-borne disease predominantly found in tropical and subtropical countries like Bangladesh. This study attempted to look at the influence of various socio-demographic, environmental, and lifestyle factors on the recent dengue outbreak in Noakhali district, Bangladesh. Methods: The study adopted a mixed-method analysis of information collected from hospital records of dengue patients, and a telephone survey of the same patients to collect background information, their length of stay in the hospital, types of symptoms they had & medicines they took, etc. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and logistic regression analysis were used for analysis. Result: More than 80% of the patients were male, aged <30 years and resided in urban and semi-urban areas; >60% of the patients got bitten by dengue vector at working place or while traveling, >50% of the patients reported that they did not have proper sewage and garbage management at place. Patients living in urban areas were more likely to get infected with dengue than in other areas. Older patients (≥30 years) were more likely to stay longer duration in hospital than younger ones. Moreover, men had higher chances of getting bitten at working place than women and children who were mostly bitten at household and surrounding environment [OR = 14.7; P = 0.01]. Conclusion: Environmental, lifestyle, and socio-demographic factors had effects on dengue patients and their sufferings at the hospital. A safe working environment, proper sewage, and garbage management system, and organized urban development plan can help to reduce larvae development sites to a great extent.
This cross-sectional study has been conducted in the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Gynaecology and Obstetrics Division on 72 patients who have been admitted from December 2018 to March 2019, in order to find out the percentage of pregnancy-induced high blood pressure among pregnant mothers. Of the 72 patients, 25(34.7%) have been diagnosed with pre-eclamptictoxaemia 27(37.1%) induced pregnancy and 20(27.8%) with eclampsia. Most people were 21-25 years old and their average age was 25.3 years old. Of the 72 patients, 38 were primipara (52.8 percent). 20 (27.8%) of newborns were delivered before 37 weeks, while 52 (72,2%) were delivered before 37 weeks. A cesarean section was available in 37 of all patients (51 percent). The cesarean portion in PIH & PET was higher. Of the 72 newborn patients 16(22.2%) were low in birth weight, and patients with ecclampsy were more likely to experience low birth weight. 35 of 72 patients had poor fetal results, including 1.4 percent perinatal and 33.3 percent asphyxiated infants. Only 5 (6.5 percent) had complications in maternal outcomes such as strokes, renal eclampsia. All participants in this study are women who are pregnant and receive prenatal care. WHO normally recommends patients with an antecedent of antenatal treatment less than 4 times eclampsia. In patients with eclampsia it is more common to see low birth weight, pre-term delivery and the complication for prenatal mortality.
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