In recent years, smart materials have piqued the interest of scientists and physicians in the biomedical community owing to their ability to modify their properties in response to an external stimulation or changes in their surroundings. Biocompatible piezoelectric materials are an interesting group of smart materials due to their ability to produce electrical charges without an external power source. Electric signals produced by piezoelectric scaffolds can renew and regenerate tissues through special pathways like that found in the extracellular matrix. This review summarizes the piezoelectric phenomenon, piezoelectric effects generated within biological tissues, piezoelectric biomaterials, and their applications in tissue engineering and their use as biosensors.
Polystyrene based films loaded with different concentrations of clove oil (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 wt.%) were prepared using solution casting technique. The properties of the novel composites are characterized using dielectric spectroscopy (DS), attenuated total reflection-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD),UV absorption spectra, contact angle measurements, mechanical analysis, in addition to test the antibacterial effect of the composites against two strains of microorganisms: Escherichia coli(gram-negative bacteria) and Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive bacteria). According to dielectric study, by increasing the CLO content both The permittivity ', dielectric loss " and the electrical conductivity increases. The contact angle measurements indicate that, the PS-CLO films demonstrate hydrophilic behavior compared to the pure PS. Tensile strength R values decreased by increasing CLO content and elongation at break R values were found to be increased. The increase in R may be due to the softening effect of CLO. The incorporation of the clove oil improved the light transmittance of the films. PS-CLO 40% sample have antibacterial activity against both E. coli and S. aureus.
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