Electron deficient pyrazine amines have been efficiently coupled with a wide range of aryl/ hetero aryl acids to yield the corresponding amide intermediates which are known to have a wide range of medicinal relevance. The use of methane sulfonyl chloride and N‐methylimidazole to activate the acid was found to be instrumental in driving these reactions to completion and moderate to excellent yields of the coupled products were obtained. All the other coupling agents were found to be inefficient with these electron deficient amines.
A novel series of 3,5‐disubstituted‐2‐pyrazineamide derivatives (5a–5o) were synthesized and studied for their potential as antitubercular agents. Among them, the compounds 5a, 5g, and 5m showed the good minimal inhibitory concentration of 20, 25, and 25 μg/mL, respectively. The compound 5a displayed excellent minimum inhibitory concentration of 10 μg/mL and is four times more potent compared with the standard drug, rifampicin concentration. In silico docking studies revealed that the compounds 5a and 5c can bind strongly in the active site of 2FUM enzyme and prevent enzyme–substrate interactions. In addition, in silico docking studies were calculated, and based on the data obtained, compound 5a displayed excellent drug‐like properties.
Rationally designed Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) inhibitors were synthesized under Buchwald conditions using Pd2(dba)3/xantphos and the compounds were investigated for their biological activity against the Mtb standard strain H37Rv and two other clinically isolated multidrug‐resistant strains with different drug resistance patterns. Compounds 5e, 6e, 7e, and 8e exhibited excellent antituberculosis activity against H37Rv with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 15 μg/ml. Compounds 5a, 6c, 7b, 8a, 8b, and 8d also displayed their potency with a MIC value in the range of 15–25 μg/ml. In addition to the Mtb studies, compounds 4e, 5e, 7e, and 8e were tested for cytotoxicity on HEK‐293 cells and compounds 7e and 8e were identified to have low toxicities of up to 200 and 300 μM, respectively. The synthesized compounds docked with the 2FUM protein of Mtb and the docking studies revealed that compounds 5e, 6e, 7e, and 8e can bind strongly in the active site of the enzyme and showed binding energies of −9.62, −10.7, −11.48, and −12.06 kcal/mol, respectively. Compound 7e forms four hydrogen bonds, whereas compound 8e forms five hydrogen bonds with amino acids, respectively. Based on these results, compounds 7e and 8e might be considered potential lead compounds with good anti‐Mtb potency.
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