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Energy and water are necessity of mankind that influences the development of any nation. Today, the production of fresh drinking water is a serious problem. Fresh water resources are becoming scarce due to population growth and pollution caused by industrial waste. Drinking water shortage is expected to become one of the biggest problems faced by world.With the continuous increase in the energy shortage and environmental pollution to reduce the mismatch between energy supply and energy demand, solar energy is one of the technologies which could be used as an alternative to the fossil fuel energy. Solar energy technologies are rapidly growing industries because it is one of the most reliable and readily available energy sources in the world. In most cases, the direct use of sea water is not possible because it is made up of different types of salts. Distillation is a well known thermal process for water purification and most importantly water desalination. Most of the conventional water distillation processes are highly energy consuming and require fossil fuels as well as electric power for their operation. Solar energy can be used to produce fresh water directly in a solar still or indirectly where the thermal energy from a solar energy system is supplied to solar still. One way to improve the energy utilization is to store the energy during sunshine times of higher solar incidence for later use of necessary needs. Efficient storage technologies are required to store energy for twenty four hours cycles to meet energy demand. Energy storage would enable to power generation for night periods and it helps match the generation and demand peaks.Thermal energy storage (TES) involves the reversible change of enthalpy of a storage material. It is especially thermodynamically attractive and economically promising technology. Sensible heat storage is associated with the temperature increase of the storage medium. A number of efforts have been made to develop and improve the performance of solar desalination systems. Present work is focused on potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7), Magnesium Sulphate Hepta Hydrate (MgSO4 7H2O) and sodium acetate (CH3COONa) phase change materials are energy absorbing materials.

Although, more than two-thirds of the earth is covered with water and remaining is land, all over the world, access to potable water by the people is narrowing and decreasing day by day. Most of the human diseases are due to polluted or non purified water. Nowadays, each and every country is facing a problem of huge water scarcity because of pollution created by manmade activities. Adequate quality and reliability of drinking water supply is the fundamental need of all people on this earth. Fresh water which was obtained from rivers, lakes and ponds is becoming scarce because of industrialization and population explosion. Water purification using solar energy has become more popular because it is eco-friendly and cost effective. A solar still is commonly used device for water purification and it doesn't require any electricity for distillation of water. Solar distillation is a technology for producing potable water from brackish water or underground water of low quality at low cost. This method can reduce water scarcity problems in the world. In a solar still, water is evaporated using solar energy which is a form of renewable energy and collected as a distillate water after condensation of the vapour. This method can produce distilled water after removal of impurities. Since last three decades, more research work is going on to improve the system performance and efficiency of the solar still and provide a sustainable water purification. A variety of solar distillation devices have been developed with different materials and in different shapes in different locations to improve the efficiency of solar distillation. There is a strong need to improve the single slope solar still performance and increase the production of water distillation. The various factors affecting the productivity of solar still are: Climatic Parameters, Operational Parameters and Design Parameters. Among all these three parameters, main focus on the Operational Parameters; which are: Salinity, Mode of Operation, Amount of Dyes and Water Depth. From my literature survey, many researchers, engineers and scientists experimentally studied solar water distillation using Phase Change Materials (PCMs). There is no more work. So, this present paper is focused on performance of solar water distillation using Phase Change Materials. In this experiment Magnesium Sulfate Heptahydrate (MgSO 4 7H 2 O), Sodium Sulphate (Na 2 S 7H 2 O) are used as phase change material and Titanium oxide is a nano-material used for energy storage material. Among these energy storage materials Magnesium Sulfate Heptahydrate (MgSO 4 7H 2 O) improves the efficiency of solar water distillation.