The « Escartons » Republic between the Briançon region and Piemont (1343-1789).
Agreements between communities of the Briançon region were born progressively in the 13th Century : grazing agreements, then common actions to obtain fiscal and legal advantages. The Transaction, signed in 1343 between the Dauphin and the Briançonnais communities, allowed the creation of a « republic ». From that moment on, the « escartons » - representative assemblies which formed a confederation dedicated to administering taxes, to military defence and to the protection of acquired liberties - could function. They were able to be successfully maintained until 1789, no doubt because of the moderation of the attacks led by the Dauphiné capital and by the central power, and by the constant will of Briançon's elites who smothered centrifugal forces.
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