One of the sources of noise pollution to environment is from the consumption of electrical and mechanical appliances usage at home and industries. Growth development and advancement of heavy equipment in construction work further emphasize the necessity used of new technologies for noise reduction. The best technique of control or reducing of noise is by using the materials that can absorb the noise by materials itself. Potential materials from agricultural waste as sound absorber were identified. There are two main objectives in this study; First is to produce acoustic absorber by using natural materials. Second is to identify their sound absorption coefficients. The samples were fabricated using the raw materials from banana stem, grass, palm oil leaves and lemongrass mixed with binding agents of polyurethane and hardener to the ratio of 1:4. The diameters of the samples consist of 28mm and 100mm and the thickness is 10mm. The samples sound absorption coefficients were measured according to standards ASTM E1050-98 / ISO 105342-2 (Impedance tube method). Sound absorption coefficient of the materials depends on frequencies choose. The frequencies values used in this study were in the range from 500Hz to 4500Hz. Material made from grass have a higher average sound absorption coefficient value which is 0.553. All tested samples also can be categories under class D type of materials based on sound absorption coefficient value.
The 4th Industrial Revolution and COVID-19 pandemic have globally impacted the economy, livelihood and organizations. With digitalization, many programs including STEM-based courses that require hands-on approach have gone online. This research was carried out to analyze the status of STEM Education in Malaysian higher education institutions and to explore challenges of e-learning integration with STEM subjects. A concurrent triangulation mixed-methods design was employed whereby quantitative and qualitative approaches took place simultaneously. The qualitative data were gathered via questionnaire while qualitative approach used semi-structured interviews. Respondents were STEM educators who teach and/or manage STEM programs in HEIs within the Klang Valley. Junior lecturers are found comparatively better using different software programs, exploring websites and handling multimedia tools for e-learning purposes. 83% survey respondents claimed their institution has no STEM e-learning policy, contributing to further challenge in STEM Education development. Respondents agreed sound e-learning implementation of STEM requires lecturers with subject specialization, able to approach application of knowledge, skills and values to problem solving, can collaborate with others and adept at integrating technology. Meanwhile, the HEIs must engage stakeholders to counter resistance plan to change, and to measure the effectiveness of integrating e-learning in meeting the strategic goals in STEM education. Keywords: E-learning, Higher education, STEM Education
Introduction: Food safety and hygiene remains one of the important public health issues. In hospitals, poor food handling by food handlers during food preparation has been linked to many incidences of foodborne disease or food poisoning. This study assesses food handlers’ food safety knowledge, attitudes, and practises at Kirkuk city hospitals in Iraq. Method: Fifty food handlers from three hospitals in Kirkuk’s city centre were asked to complete a four-part questionnaire. Results: Results revealed that most respondents had a fair understanding of food safety, with the highest pass rate of 96% for knowledge of hand washing, 90% for knowledge of foodborne illness symptoms, and 80% for knowledge of cross-contamination. In regard to attitudes, 56% of participants had fair attitudes toward food safety, with highest marks observed for attitudes toward wearing gloves, masks, and head caps (90%), followed by cooking habits (90%). Food safety practises were also observed with 98% participants receiving a fair level of practice in terms of food safety hygiene. Spearman rho coefficient revealed a statistically significant weak positive correlation between knowledge and attitude scores (r = 0.304, P = 0.032). Conclusion: This study highlighted the important need for specific food safety education and training programmes to enhance food safety and practices understanding among hospital food handlers in Iraq.
Tuberculosis (TB) has become one of the significant public health concerns with increasing mortality and morbidity rate in Malaysia. Undergraduate students of Health sciences are considered at high risk of getting TB. Lack of understanding about the source and transmission of the disease, as well as attitude and practices of the students may be a contributing factor. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices towards tuberculosis (TB) among Health Sciences undergraduate students studying in a public university in Penang, Malaysia. This study was conducted among undergraduate students from UiTM Penang Branch, Bertam Campus. A quantitative method was used to collect the data. Results show that the majority of the respondents were aware of TB causal agents, symptoms, mode of transmission and the curability of TB as well as the effectiveness of BCG vaccination in preventing TB. Furthermore, it was discovered that a huge number of them were having misconceived ideas regarding TB and that was shown through their attitude towards TB disease. Overall, findings indicate good knowledge but moderate level of attitude and practices on tuberculosis disease. These findings emphasize the need for educating health sciences undergraduate students on tuberculosis disease to improve the risk and their attitude and practices.
In Malaysia, the fight against COVID-19 is still going strong. The knowledge, attitude, and practises (KAP) of individuals with regard to COVID-19 may be used to evaluate effective behavioural interventions for containing the epidemic. This study intends to evaluate university students' KAP toward the COVID-19. The demographic data and KAP toward the COVID-19 epidemic were disseminated and discussed in the questionnaire's two portions, which were divided into two categories. An online cross-sectional survey comprising 114 undergraduate students, aged 18 to 36, was carried out from October 2020 to December 2020. Participants conducted an online survey after giving their permission to evaluate sociodemographic factors, perceptions, and KAP towards COVID-19. 83.5 percent of the 114 survey participants were female, and 73 percent were diploma and degree students (26.1 percent ). According to the poll, 95% of participants had more frequent behaviours to avoid COVID-19, and 98% had more positive attitudes and information about the disease. Nearly all (97%) participants agreed that the best course of action to take when they saw they were beginning to exhibit COVID-19 symptoms was to visit the hospital as soon as possible. The majority of participants (97.4%) regularly wash their hands with soap and sanitizer. It is essential to raise KAP among pupils during the fast increase phase of a pandemic epidemic like COVID-19. Therefore, it is necessary to create efficient health education programmes that take KAPmodifying variables into account.
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