Floods have been reported to be an important disaster in any country and Malaysia has faced similar disasters in the past, resulting in disturbance in daily community routine issues, financial losses, infrastructure damage including railway tracks, bridges, roads, vehicles, properties, and the worst is the loss of lives. The Sarawak region of Malaysia also witnesses yearly disasters in rainy seasons. The purpose of this paper is to explore the possible challenges to manage the flood disaster in Sarawak and to identify the possible solutions to manage floods. In this research, secondary data was used for qualitative assessment. The newspaper articles were collected from the year 2015 until 2019. Targeted interviews were conducted with experts working in flood management disaster schemes to rank and validate the most important factors after content analysis from the past news reports. It is concluded that poor drainage systems, rapid development, heavy rainfall, lack of public awareness, and lack of coordination in executing the disaster management cycle among agencies are the key challenges. Thus, it is recommended that the drainage systems should be upgraded in the case study area. Proper flood management schemes should be planned and flood forecasting should be strengthened. An effective early flood warning system should be designed to activate the plans and a proper public awareness campaign should be initiated to educate and train the local community to deal with such disasters. It is also suggested to assure and maintain proper collaboration among different agencies during such disasters. In the last phase, this paper also proposes a framework for future flood disaster management. The framework will assist the stakeholders to make informed decisions to save human lives and substantial financial losses. The framework can also be used in similar terrain countries.
A stable methodology for conserving the natural environment has been a concern for developing countries. The fast-paced growth of urbanization generated significant demand for automobiles, leading to greater utilization of fuel. The consumption of fuel is fulfilled by the Filling Station (FS). An FS is undoubtedly an important facility, but it is reported that it has high potential for degradation of natural resources, pollution problems, environmental degradation, and hydrological, geological, and socio-economic hazards, and therefore the site selection of such facilities is an essential problem. The traditional approach utilizes EIA assessments and GIS separately and existing models lacks integration. Thus, this study provides an integrated GIS-based land suitability modeling using EIA assessments, and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) has been used as key land use feature prioritization for the appropriate selection of FS locations. A case study is also carried out to assess the precision of the suggested model. The findings indicate that more than 73% of the present FS are in the acceptable region, while 27% of the FS are not in the adequate region using the local code. Furthermore, 58% of the present FS are in the acceptable region, while 42% of current FS are not in the adequate region using the international code. The findings of the comparative code analysis show a difference in the codes. The international code looks safer compared to the local code because it has higher buffer distances. This model will assist decision-makers in making better decisions for such land suitability problems for filling stations, and this model can also be extended to other facilities by some modifications in the filters and data layers of the model.
The World Health Organization (WHO) characterized COVID-19 as a pandemic, pointing to over 3 million cases and 207,973 deaths in 213 countries and territories on 11th March 2020. The COVID-19 pandemic is a catastrophic occurrence that has not been seen since the Spanish Flu. The infection has not only become a public health crisis but also affected the global economy. The objective of this paper is to determine the challenges faced in managing COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia. In this research, the secondary data was used by reviewing through the articles and journals. Content analysis was made and the outcomes of this research have successfully emerged. As a result, the most significant challenges identified in managing COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia are Financial Resources, Health Care System, Social Challenges, Education System, and Threats to Mental Health.
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