Viewing neutral or positive dental images did not have an effect on child's anticipatory anxiety level. However, it is an effective method of improving the behavior in children.

No abstract

The success of pulpotomy of young permanent teeth depends on the proper selection of dressing materials. This study aimed to evaluate the histological and histomorphometric response of dentin–pulp complex to the enamel matrix derivative (Emdogain® gel) compared to that of calcium hydroxide when used as a pulp dressing in immature young permanent dogs’ teeth. Dentin-like tissues bridging the full width of the coronal pulp at the interface between the injured and healthy pulp tissues were seen after 1 month in both groups. With time, the dentin bridge increased in thickness for calcium hydroxide but disintegrated and fully disappeared for Emdogain-treated group. Progressive inflammation and total pulp degeneration were only evident with Emdogain-treated group. The root apices of Emdogain-treated teeth became matured and closed by cementum that attached to new alveolar bone by a well-oriented periodontal ligament. In young permanent dentition, Emdogain could be a good candidate for periodontium but not dentino–pulpal complex regeneration.

Objective: To investigate the effect of two methods of propolis administration on plaque accumulation and microbial count as well as patient acceptance of each vehicle. Study design: A randomized clinical trial with two parallel arms was used with a sample of 60 high caries risk children 6–8 years old. Children were divided randomly into two groups. Group I: Children who received propolis chewing gum and instructed to chew it twice daily for at least twenty minutes, for two weeks. Group II: children who received propolis mouthwash and instructed to rinse twice daily for one minute. A plaque index was recorded and a plaque sample was collected from all participants at base line and after two weeks of treatment. All participants were asked to rate the preparation they received during treatment period on a Visual Analogue Scale chart. Results: Data showed that propolis had a significant effect on reducing plaque scores and colony counts in both vehicles. There was no significant difference between both vehicles neither on plaque reduction nor on microbial count. However children preferred the gum formula. Conclusion: Propolis in both vehicles reduced plaque accumulation and microbial count which recommends its use as an antimicrobial agent in different vehicles.

Joubert plus syndrome is a very rare occurring condition. Because self-mutilation is sometimes fatal, a treatment plan tailored to each patient's need is mandatory. A multidisciplinary approach is recommended.