Complications requiring ICU care represent a significant morbidity in the colectomy patient population. Frailty index seems to be an important predictor of ICU-level complications and death, and laparoscopy seems to be protective.
This is the first study to report mortality data and expected survival curves for major abdominal surgery in the octogenarian population. Our data prove that it is safer than previously thought to operate on the elderly. Our mortality data and survival curves provide real data for the surgeon to be able to risk stratify and discuss predicted outcomes with consultants, patients, and families.
Depending on what the decision-maker accepts as the recurrence and reoperation rates for these types of repair, either mesh or primary repair may be the treatment of choice. However, the differences between the two are small, and, perhaps, clinically inconsequential.
required before we can definitely say that the difference is due to the mobility of the cation in the film. We are currenly repeating the current-pulse experiment using Bu4NBF4 as the supporting electrolyte.The apparent diffusion coefficients obtained from the finite diffusion regime are consistently larger than the £>app's from the semiinfinite regime (Table II). Rubinstein et al. applied the method described here to an electrode coated with a redox polymer film and noted a similar discrepancy; however, in their case Z>apPiF was a factor of 3 less than Dappj.20a Rubinstein et al. account for this observation by postulating the existence of two uncoupled diffusion pathways within the polymer film.208 This explanation could, in principle, account for the trend in the data observed here.Electron micrographs of electrochemically synthesized polypyrrole clearly show that the polypyrrole surface is not smooth.268,31 if the surface topological features are significant relative to the average film thickness, the film will clearly not be of uniform thickness. Furthermore, because the profilometer stylus is too large to fit into the crevices between surface topological features, the thickness measured is probably the maximum thickness (i.e., the locus of points most distant from the substrate Pt electrode surface). Because Z)app-F is proportional to l2, this overestimated
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