In this laboratory experiment, students determine the number-average molar masses and second virial coefficients of polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers ranging in molar mass from 200 to 1500 g mol–1 using vapor pressure osmometry (VPO). Students assess VPO in relation to accurate molar mass calculations of PEG polymers. Additionally, students use the second virial coefficients to identify any PEG self-interactions and any dependence of the second virial coefficient on PEG molar mass. This laboratory experiment is suitable for a biophysical or physical chemistry laboratory.
Gastro-pleural fistula is a rare condition, and the diagnosis can be challenging, as demonstrated in our case. The management is even more complex, with wide gamut of management strategies from more conservative management such as endoscopic closures and minimally invasive video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) to open surgical repair. We present the case of a 55-year-old female with metastatic renal cell cancer with prior radiation therapy and cabozantinib treatment who was diagnosed with gastro-pleural fistula after extensive workup. She underwent endoscopic closure and subsequent jejunostomy tube feeding, venting gastrostomy tube, and draining chest tube. Antibiotics and chest tube drainage were primary modalities for treatment of her empyema. Subsequently, she required laparoscopic surgery for fistula repair.
The temperature dependence of l-proline interactions with the RNA dodecamer duplex surface exposed after unfolding was quantified using thermal and isothermal titration denaturation monitored by uv-absorbance. The m-value quantifying proline interactions with the RNA duplex surface area exposed after unfolding was measured using RNA duplexes with GC content ranging between 17 and 83%. The m-values from thermal denaturation decreased with increasing GC content signifying increasingly favorable proline interactions with the exposed RNA surface area. However, m-values from isothermal titration denaturation at 25.0 °C were independent of GC content and less negative than those from thermal denaturation. The m-value from isothermal titration denaturation for a 50% GC RNA duplex decreased (became more negative) as the temperature increased and was in nearly exact agreement with the m-value from thermal denaturation. Since RNA duplex transition temperatures increased with GC content, the more favorable proline interactions with the high GC content duplex surface area observed from thermal denaturation resulted from the temperature dependence of proline interactions rather than the RNA surface chemical composition. The enthalpy contribution to the m-value was positive and small (indicating a slight increase in duplex unfolding enthalpy with proline) while the entropic contribution to the m-value was positive and increased with temperature. Our results will facilitate proline's use as a probe of solvent accessible surface area changes during biochemical reactions at different reaction temperatures.
This article addresses the problem of the patrimonialization of a natural and very famous site in Algeria; the Rhumel gorges in Constantine. The objective is the evaluation within the framework of a prospective vision of the game of actors intervening in the project of rehabilitation of the path of the tourists; a tourist circuit skirting the bottom of the gorges.The study is articulated around two main axes: the first presents the patrimonial and tourist characteristics of the gorges of the Rhumel and the problem related to the project of rehabilitation of the Tourist trail.The second one gives the results of the application of the Mactor method which, thanks to associated software, analyzes the interactions between the actors facing several determined objectives. It identifies the influences, dependencies, power relationships, convergences, and divergences that condition the success of the project.The results show a diversity of actors, aiming at a multitude of objectives whose strategies are not really visible. Nevertheless, they reveal several points in which the behaviors, attitudes, actions, and involvement of the actors are the variables.
This article addresses the problem of the patrimonialization of a natural and very famous site in Algeria; the Rhumel gorges in Constantine. The objective is the evaluation within the framework of a prospective vision of the game of actors intervening in the project of rehabilitation of the path of the tourists; a tourist circuit skirting the bottom of the gorges.The study is articulated around two main axes: the first presents the patrimonial and tourist characteristics of the gorges of the Rhumel and the problem related to the project of rehabilitation of the Tourist trail.The second one gives the results of the application of the Mactor method which, thanks to associated software, analyzes the interactions between the actors facing several determined objectives. It identifies the influences, dependencies, power relationships, convergences, and divergences that condition the success of the project.The results show a diversity of actors, aiming at a multitude of objectives whose strategies are not really visible. Nevertheless, they reveal several points in which the behaviors, attitudes, actions, and involvement of the actors are the variables.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.