Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare and aggressive variant of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma predominantly in oral cavities of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive male patients or immunosuppressive hosts. Limited number of reports on HIV-negative PBL in immunocompetent patients are available in the literature. We reported an unusual case of sinonasal PBL which occurred in an HIV-negative and immunocompetent female patient. She underwent endoscopic removal of the tumor and completed 6 cycles of chemotherapy (hyperfractionated-CVAD). Any finding in favour of tumour recurrence was not observed in positron-emission tomography scan (PET-scan) performed 18 months after the treatment.
ÖZPlazmablastik lenfoma (PBL), genellikle insan immün yetmezlik virüsü (HIV) pozitif erkek hastaların veya immünsüpresif konakların oral kavitesinde görülen, diffüz büyük B-hücreli lenfomanın nadir ve agresif seyirli bir varyantıdır. Literatürde immünokompetan hastalarda HIV negatif PBL ile ilgili bildiriler oldukça sınırlıdır. Çalışmamızda HIV negatif ve immünokompetan bir kadın hastada oluşan nadir bir sinonazal PBL vakası sunduk. Hastaya tümörün endoskopik rezeksiyonu yapıldı ve 6 kür kemoterapi (hiperfraksiyone-CVAD) uygulandı. Tedavi sonrası 18. ayda yapılan pozitron emisyon tomografi (PET) taramasında tümör rekürrensi lehine bir bulgu gözlenmedi.
Nasal leech infestation is a rare etiology of epistaxis. Due to its insidious presentation and inconspicuous site of infestation, it is possible for the primary care setting to miss the diagnosis. We report a case of nasal leech infestation in an eight-year-old male child who was repeatedly treated for upper respiratory infection before finally being referred to the otorhinolaryngology clinic. We emphasize the importance of having a high index of suspicion and thorough history taking, especially of jungle trekking and hill water exposure in unexplained recurrent epistaxis.
Objective: To review the long term outcome of juvenile onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JORRP) in University Kebangsaan Medical Centre (UKMMC).
Methods:A sixteen-year retrospective study -from January 2002 to June 2019 -of patients who presented with JORRP at our hospital was carried out.Results: Nineteen cases were identified with the youngest age of presentation being eight months old. The mean follow-up time was 4.8 years. All patients had glottic papilloma, ten had multi-site involvement, namely at the subglottic, trachea, oropharynx and one case of distal spread to the lungs. The majority (71.4%) of patients with tracheostomy had extralaryngeal spread and shorter surgical intervals (a mean of 3.2 procedures per year). All our patients were treated surgically. Two patients with aggressive disease received a trial of the adjuvant therapies Gardasil and Cidofovir. However, no improvement was observed.
Conclusion:The worst prognosis is seen in youngeronset JORRP. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment and patients with aggressive disease may need adjuvant therapy. Unfortunately, there is a lack of a standard protocol for adjuvant therapies. Tracheostomy increases the risk of extralaryngeal spread and aggressive disease, and thus should be reserved for patients with severe airway compromise.
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