Introduction. According to the legislation, the water quality of reservoirs should be monitored not only by one index for all water bodies of the country but also according to the priority list pollution specific for a particular region. However, the choice of priority pollution is not always correct. The aim of the work is to develop proposals for optimizing the list of monitored water quality indices of a water body using the example of the Moscow River. Material and methods. The studies are conducted in two stages: a retrospective analysis of the results of three-year observations of the quality of water in the Moscow River and its tributaries of the three controlling organizations (the Analytical Laboratory of the Department for Environmental and Environmental Safety, Mosvodokanal and Mosvodostok); and own research of the water quality of the rivers Moscow and Gorodnya. The article does not present the results of extended studies of the content of organic chemical compounds in water. mean, median and maximum values were determined by statistical methods. Results. Indices are constantly exceeding standards: pH, suspended solids, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, COD, BOD, sodium, aluminum, calcium, manganese, iron, nickel, cadmium, lead, ammonium ion, phosphate ion, and chloride ion. Conclusion. It is proposed recommendations to optimize the list of monitored indices: •include mercury in the mandatory list; •It should be conducted additional research if the standards of organoleptic indices, COD and BOD are exceeded; •exclude mineralization, total hardness, potassium and magnesium from constantly controlled indices; •increase the frequency of monitoring the content of calcium and sodium in water in the winter-spring period; •oblige enterprises to transfer samples at the legislative level for research to an independent, unified laboratory; •carry out continuous monitoring of the purity of the water of the Moscow River directly at the site of the release of wastewater for pollution sources of all types, as well as at the mouths of small rivers, flowing into the Moscow River within the city.
Introduction. The use of chlorine-containing reagents for disinfection of water in swimming pools may lead to the formation of chloramines, both worsening the organoleptic properties of water and affecting the health of swimmers. To reduce the content of chloramines in pool water, UV radiation can be used. The aim of work is investigation of the effect of UV radiation on the transformation of mono- and dichloramines in water. Material and methods. The study was conducted on water samples from children’s pools, as well as in a model experiment on aquarium water with sodium hypochlorite added. Samples were irradiated with ultraviolet at doses of 40, 80 and 120 mJ/cm2. Before and after UV treatment, the content of chloramines was determined in all samples. Results. UV dose 40 mJ/cm2 was found to be insufficient for the destruction of mono- and dichloramine in water. During UV treatment with a dose 80 mJ/cm2 a decrease in the content of monochloramines and an increase in the content of dichloramines were observed. These processes were depended on the initial concentration of active chlorine in the samples. Conclusion. Thus, an effective UV dose to reduce the concentration of monochloramines in water with a concentration of active chlorine of 0.5 mg/l is 80 mJ/cm2. However, standard UV equipment used for disinfection of pool water cannot guarantee a reduction of chloramine concentration as it is usually designed for the minimum required UV dose (25-40 mJ/cm2). In addition, the effect of UV at this dose on water with a high content of active chlorine led to a significant increase in the content of dichloramines, which is supposedly associated with the destruction of proteins in water under the influence of UV radiation and the subsequent reaction of amino acids with active chlorine.
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