Objectives: To assess efficacy, safety, and outcome of combination of Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin in various genotypes, inchildren with hepatitis C infection.Study design and setting: It was a quasi-experimental study, conducted at the Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department,Children Hospital Faisalabad, from August 2017 to August 2021.Methodology: 50 confirmed cases of HCV infection aged 5 to 18 years, were given an oral dose of Sofosbuvir and Ribavirindaily for 12 weeks. PCR was assessed at 4 weeks (for Rapid Viral Response (RVR)) and repeated at 8 weeks and 12 weeks(for Early Viral Response (EVR)) and again 12 weeks after the completion of therapy for Sustained Viral Response (SVR)).Primary outcome was the number who achieved an SVR at 12 weeks (SVR12) after completion of treatment with a viralload below quantitation level.Results: Genotype 3 was found in 80% , type 1 in 6% , type 2 in 4% and 10% were untypeable. All children were PCRpositive at presentation; 96% became PCR negative at 4 weeks (RVR), while 100 percent were negative at 8 weeks, 12weeks (EVR), and SVR 12 weeks after completion of 12 week course was 100%.Conclusion: Although majority of patients were Genotype 3, 12 week course of Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin of hepatitisC-infected children was highly effective, with 100 percent PCR-negative cases at 8 weeks and 12 weeks with only minorside effects, and, SVR of 100% twelve weeks after completion of therapy
Objectives: To determine the frequency of vitamin D deficiency in children under12 years of age in the absence of significant clinical signs and symptoms in an ambulatory caresettings. Study Design: Descriptive study. Settings and duration: This study was conductedin Pediatric Out Patient Department of KAUH from June 2013 to June 2014. Materials andmethods: Patients attending the pediatric clinic in KAUH Riyadh, KSA, from June2013 to June2014, in which 287 healthy children under 12 years were enrolled. Serum calcium, phosphorus,alkaline phosphatase and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] were measured .X ray wrists weretaken for radiological evidence of rickets. 25(OH) D levels <50 ng/mL and <25 ng/mL weredefined as insufficiency and severe vitamin D deficiency, respectively. Results: A high prevalenceof vitamin D deficiency is observed in healthy children even in absence of clinical signs andsymptoms. The problem should be highlighted and there is a need to create awareness amongpeople about the etiology of vitamin D deficiency and its prevention.There is a strong need forlong term planning including populationscreening, dietary supplementation with vitamin D andfood fortification.
To determine the frequency of vitamin D deficiency in children under 12 years of age in the absence of significant clinical signs and symptoms in an ambulatory care settings. Study Design: Descriptive study. Settings and duration: This study was conducted in Pediatric Out Patient Department of KAUH from June 2013 to June 2014. Materials and methods: Patients attending the pediatric clinic in KAUH Riyadh, KSA, from June2013 to June 2014, in which 287 healthy children under 12 years were enrolled. Serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] were measured .X ray wrists were taken for radiological evidence of rickets. 25(OH) D levels <50 ng/mL and <25 ng/mL were defined as insufficiency and severe vitamin D deficiency, respectively. Results: A high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is observed in healthy children even in absence of clinical signs and symptoms. The problem should be highlighted and there is a need to create awareness among people about the etiology of vitamin D deficiency and its prevention.There is a strong need for long term planning including populationscreening, dietary supplementation with vitamin D and food fortification.
Background: Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is an autosomal dominant condition presenting with mucocutaneous pigmentation. We report a rare condition of PJS in an 11-year-old female. Case Presentation: An 11-year-old girl, previously healthy and developmentally normal, presented to the emergency department of the hospital with a 1-week history of vomiting and abdominal pain. She was given symptomatic treatment and referred to pediatric gastroenterology for further management and diagnosis based on the physical findings. The examination findings included hyperpigmented macules on fingertips, toes, lips, and oral mucosa. She had a history of rectal polypectomy in the past. Parents were cousins, but there was no significant family history. She was diagnosed as PJS based on her physical findings and multiple gastric polyps on endoscopy. Conclusion: PJS is characterized by mucocutaneous pigmentation and multiple gastrointestinal polyps. Rectal polyp can be a clue to the syndrome even before the appearance of hyperpigmented macules. They need lifelong follow-up because they are prone to gastrointestinal complications and malignancies.
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