IntroductionThe study aimed to isolate thermophilic Campylobacter from chickens raised three rearing methods, determine its antimicrobial susceptibilities, and examine resistance-related genes by PCR.Material and MethodsCloacal swabs or intestinal contents were taken in Istanbul, Sakarya, and Izmir provinces. Chickens were from small village-based family-run businesses (n = 70), organically raised (n = 71), and conventionally raised broilers (n = 79). The samples were cultured on modified charcoal cefoperazone desoxycholate (mCCD) agar. Suspect isolates were identified with multiplex PCR (mPCR). As per EUCAST standards, MIC values were derived by broth microdilution for tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, kanamycin, gentamicin, and erythromycin in isolates of C. jejuni (n = 98) and C. coli (n = 83).ResultsIn C. jejuni, 78.6% tetracycline, 87.8% ciprofloxacin, and 81.6% nalidixic acid resistance was detected, but none was to kanamycin, gentamicin, or erythromycin. In C. coli, 98.8% ciprofloxacin and 63.9% nalidixic acid resistance was detected, whereas resistance to non-quinolones was not observed. C257T (Thr-86-Ile) mutation in the gyrA gene of all phenotypically quinolone-resistant isolates was detected through a mismatch amplification mutation assay PCR (MAMA-PCR). It emerged that all isolates bore the tet (O) resistance gene.ConclusionCommon tetracycline, nalidixic acid, and ciprofloxacin resistance exists in Campylobacter isolated from chickens raised three rearing methods.

Mycoplasma equirhinis and Mycoplasma felis are thought to be infectious etiologic agents of inflammatory airway disease (IAD), which, after musculoskeletal injuries, is the second most common cause of poor performance in thoroughbred racehorses. The aims of this study were to investigate for the first time the presence of M. equirhinis, M. felis, and other Mycoplasma spp. in the lower respiratory tract of racehorses in İstanbul Province in Turkey and to statistically evaluate the association between clinical signs of IAD and the presence of mycoplasmas. Tracheal wash (TW) samples were collected from 111 English and Arabian thoroughbred horses that showed clinical signs of IAD. TW samples were examined by culture and PCR methods. The detection rates of Mycoplasma spp., M. felis, and M. equirhinis were found to be 16.2%, 0%, and 18% by culture and 59.5%, 1.8%, and 6.3% by PCR in TW samples, respectively. According to statistical evaluations, a significant association was found for the presence of M. felis in English thoroughbred racehorses. However, no significant association was found between clinical signs of IAD and the presence of M. equirhinis, M. felis, and other Mycoplasma spp.

2-Methoxy-6-(5-H/methyl/chloro/nitro-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)phenols (HL x ; x = 1-4, respectively) ligands and HL 1 complexes with Fe(NO 3 ) 3 , Cu(NO 3 ) 2 , AgNO 3 and Zn(NO 3 ) 2 were synthesized and characterized. The structures of the compounds were confirmed based on elemental analysis, molar conductivity, magnetic moment, FT-IR, 1 H-and 13 C-NMR. The antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the free ligands, their hydrochloride salts and the complexes were evaluated using the disk diffusion method in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and the dilution method, respectively, against 9 bacteria. HL 1 and HL 3 , as well as the Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes, showed antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria.

ABSTRACT. Rectal swabs from 100 dogs that were admitted to the veterinary clinic and from randomly selected 100 dogs from one kennel were examined for the presence of Salmonella spp. S. Enteritidis was isolated from a household dog and the strain was susceptible to all antibiotics that were tested. S. Typhimurium was isolated from a dog from the kennel and it was sensitive to all the antibiotics except streptomycin and neomycin. Even though, the occurence of Salmonella spp. in the feces of the dogs in this study was low, attention should always be given when handling canine feces or contaminated materials.

Some N-(3,5-di-/1,3,5-trimethylpyrazole-4-yl)-4-substitutedbenzamide derivatives were prepared as possible antiociceptiveantimicrobial agents. New amide derivatives (3-12) were synthesized by reacting 4-amino-3,5-di and 1,3,5-trimethylpyrazoles with 4-substitutedbenzoyl chlorides. Hotplate and tail-immersion tests were used for the determination of the antinociceptive activity. Morphine, was used as a standard test drug. All compounds were administered at a dose of 100 mg/kg ip and some of them had significant antinociceptive activity in both tests. Compound 10 (N-(1,3,5-trimethylpyrazole-4-yl)-4-bromobenzamide), was the most active one in both tests among the compounds. The antinociceptive activity of the compounds 10, 11 (N-(1,3,5-trimethylpyrazole-4-yl)-4-chlorobenzamide), and 12 (N-(1,3,5-trimethylpyrazole-4-yl)-4-fluorobenzamide), started at 30 minutes and continued up to 150 minutes in the hotplate test. Also compounds were tested for their in vitro antimicrobial activity, but exhibited weak antibacterial activity.