The elasticity has been investigated post mortem of the external iliac artery from 48 cases, matched normotensives and hypertensives, males and females, from the 3rd to the 8th decades. The lamina is shown to be truly elastic in that it resists stretch, for there is no increase in the length of the lamina, measured histometrically, in arterial cross-sections when segments of the artery are distended by pressures equivalent to the lifetime systolic blood pressure, or indeed much higher pressures even to the point of rupture. In this process gaps in the lamina, the representation on histological slides of fenestrae, become wider than in the undistended state. With advancing age there is a very slight increase in the length of the lamina but this is not accompanied by any increase in the number of gaps except in the case of male normotensives over the age of 60 yr. Between the 3rd and 8th decades gaps do not increase in size in the laminae of arteries from normotensives. The gaps do show an increase in size in hypertensives but only those above the age of 60 yr.
Background:Ultraviolet B (UVB) is the most damaging component of sunlight. It rapidly activates the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in excessive quantities that quickly overwhelm tissue antioxidants.Setting and Design:To demonstrate the effects of UVB radiation on EGFR expression in mice skin and to evaluate the role of antioxidants in the exposed group.Materials and Methods:After obtaining the approval of the ethical committee, forty mice from BALB/c strain were used in this experiment and were allocated into 3 groups; 10 (control group); 15 (exposure group); and 15 (exposed and treated with antioxidants). Antioxidants were administered through subcutaneous injection. Skin biopsies from all groups were stained with EGFR antibodies. Total antioxidant status (TAS) was evaluated in all groups.Statistical Analysis:The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA, Duncan's test, and Pearson's Correlation.Results:The highest EGFR expression in exposure group was of score 3+ (53%). The highest EGFR expression in treatment group was score 0 (40%). Apoptotic bodies and dermal mast cells increased in exposure group while decreased in treatment group. The mean values for TAS were measured for each group; control group = 1.2 mmol/l; exposure group = 0.87 mmol/l; treatment group =1.3 mmol/l.Conclusions:UVB led to Seborrheic Keratosis (SK) in mice through enhancement of EGFR expression. Antioxidants effectively reduced UVB-induced SK, reduced epidermal changes, apoptotic bodies, and decreased dermal mast cells. TAS measurement declined in exposure group, while it was within normal range in most treated cases.
Background: Human Metapneumovirus (hMPV) is an important respiratory viral pathogen among children, and it is one of the causes of pediatric hospital admissions due to acute respiratory tract infections. Objective: This study was done to predict the seroprevalence of anti-hMPV antibodies among hospitalized children presenting with acute respiratory tract infections in Suleimani Governorate, Kurdistan Region/Iraq. Place and Duration: This study was done at the department of microbiology, school of medicine, suleimani University, between April 2011 and March 2012. Methods: Indirect immunofluorescent assay (IIFA) was performed to detect serum anti-hMPV antibodies (IgM and IgG antibodies) from three hundred hospitalized children less than 5 years old with acute respiratory tract infections. Results: IgM anti-hMPV antibodies were positive in thirty six (12%) out of three hundred children. The highest seroprevalence was found in the age group <1 year old, while the
Background Exposure to ultraviolet type B (UVB) radiation induces a number of pathologic changes in skin, including erythema, edema, epidermal hyperplasia, sunburn cell formation, immune suppression and eventually leads to cancer development. Objective To elucidate the differences in histological appearances of mast cells and apoptotic bodies between the two species (mice and human) among hyperkeratotic and acanthotic types of seborrheic keratosis (SK). Materials and Methods Thirty paraffin blocks were used in this study; fifteen histologically con rmed acanthotic and hyperkeratotic SK cases in human (9 acanthotic and 6 hyperkeratotic) and fifteen blocks from both types acanthotic and hyperkeratotic SK cases in mice induced by UVB light (9 acanthotic and 6 hyperkeratotic). Results Our results revealed that there was a signi cant correlation between mast cells and apoptotic bodies for both groups according to Pearson Correlation test. In human cases mast cells counting ranged between 2-10 with a mean number of 5.2/1HPF, while the total number of apoptotic bodies ranged from 1-4 with a mean number of 2.6/10HPF. When compared to mice cases, the number of mast cells were increased with a range of 12-23 and with a mean number of 19.067/1HPF, while apoptotic bodies were decreased with a range of 3-20/10HPF and with a mean number of 9.4/10HPF. Conclusion Dermal mast cells in ltration were remarkably increased in mice skin specimens which were exposed to UVB. The number of apoptotic bodies in UVB induced cases were more than in human sporadic cases.
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