The interactions of cationic dyes (methyl violet) with anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was studied in process of solubilization. The critical micelle concentration of the SDS with and without dye was determined by spectrophotometry and specific conductometry methods. The binding constant (K b) and Gibbs free energy (∆G ͦ) were calculated at room temperature. K b was calculated by means of Benesi-Hildebrand Equation. Results obtained showed that the K b and ∆ G ͦ are found to be = 432.77 M-1 and-15.03 KJ mol-1 , respectively. The value of ∆ G ͦ indicates that the interaction of methyl violet with micelles is spontaneous.
The potential of Hammada scoparia (Hamm.) and Halocnemum Strobilaceum (Halo.) growing in Benghazi-Libya for soil phytoremediation purpose has been evaluated. Hammada scoparia (Hamm.), Halocnemum Strobilaceum (Halo.) and their roots' soil samples were collected and analyzed for Cd, Ni and Pb concentrations in a salty area in the north coastal region of Benghazi, near Benghazi asphalt factory, Benghazi steel factory, Brega oil company sorage tanks, and north Benghazi power station. The biological absorption coefficient (BAC), bioconcentration factor (BCF), and translocation factor (TF) of Hammada scoparia and Halocnemum Strobilaceum have been calculated. Both plants are moderate extractors which incline to phytoextraction process except Halo which tends strongly to phytostabiliztion process in case of Cu and Fe.
Polyurethane foam was chemically functionalized with β-naphthol to adsorb metal ions (Fe 3+ , Cu 2+ , Cr 3+ , Co 2+ and Mn 2+), applying the off-line solid phase extraction procedure. The concentrations of the metals have been detemined using the flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS). Various factors including, the pH of the sample solution and the time of extraction were examined. The interference effects of the additional ions in the solution were studied, metal ions of Na + , K + , Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ and anions, CO3 2and SO4 2-. The new sorbent was examined for separation of Cu, Mn, Cr, Co and Fe ions. The adsorption of metal ions onto β-Nap-PUF was tested using the Morris-Weber equation. The straight line of the plot qt (adsorbed amounts at time t) vs t in all cases, with low R 2 (0.767) in case of Mn, indicates the intra particle transport phenomena. The Lagergren equation was applied for mass action phenomenon. The plots of log(1-F) Vs t for Mn, Cr, and Cu were straight with high R 2 0.99, 0.98, and 0.81 respectively, indicates that mass action phenomenon are controlling the mechanism following first order process. The capacity sequence of the sorbent
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