The aim of this work is to evaluate the efficiency of two methods of purification on Algerian bentonite clay. The first method was performed by centrifugation treatment, using sodium hexametaphosphate (NaPO3)6 as a dispersing agent. The second method involves a chemical purification with NaCl, followed by sedimentation technique. The study concerns mineralogical, chemical, structural aspects and a series of physical testing. The results have shown that the raw bentonite (RBN) contain (~ 59%) of montmorillonite, illite (~ 5) and (~26%) of quartz, and feldspar (orthoclase + albite), with 5% of calcite. In the purified state by NaCl (RBN-2), the mineralogical and physicochemical properties including cation exchange capacity and specific surface area are higher than the purified samples by physical beneficiation (by centrifugation - RBN-1). Moreover, the treatment with NaCl increased the montmorillonite content of the bentonite from 56 % to 100%. The quartz impurities were totally removed in RBN-2, whereas impurities (quartz + feldspar) were still observed by the X-ray diffraction (XRD). Finally, the results obtained from the morphological, mineralogical and chemical characterization confirm that the bentonite RBN -2 was more effective , and it has promise as an engineering material compared to the RBN and RBN-1, indicating its possible application in various industrial applications.
The aims of this paper was to evaluate the efficiency of phosphates product and by-products from the Djebel Onk mine for the control of acidic mine drainage generated by exposure of Sidi Kamber mine tailings to climatic conditions. Kinetic tests in humidity cells were carried out according to the modified ASTM standard, was used to invistigate the geochemical behaviour of the Sidi Kamber tailings mixed with phosphate materials (phosphatic limestone wastes, raw low grade phosphate ore and phosphate mine tailings) after being characterized. All amendment compositions led to an increase of the pH of the leachate from approximately 3 to circum-neutral values. Humidity cells experiments indicated that the materials were adequate to immobilize Pb, Zn, Cu and Fe by about 99% and prevent their release through the tailings. The tests have also shown that the metals concentrations within the leachate are lower than the limits allowed by Algerian legislation for industrial liquid effluents. Among the tested material amendments, PLW was more effective than other products in immobilizing metals. The results are most probably related to their Ca-carbonate content and/or adsorption capacity.
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