The aim of this study was to analyze the theoretical foundations of the concept of the phytogenic field, to show the fruitfulness and practical feasibility of studying the phytogenic field of plants, especially edificatory species, using the example of studies carried out in various ecological and phytocenotic conditions and to determine the effect of uneven-aged black saxaul plants on wormwood-ephemeral vegetation by studying phytogenic field of this edificator species. The phytogenic field of black saxaul was studied by the phytometer method in the Karnabchul desert. It was found that the phytogenic effect of the edificator on the wormwood-ephemeral vegetation is observed at a distance of 90-150 cm outside the crown, depending on the age state of black saxaul. The average crown radius of black saxaul in the studied phytocenosis is 115 cm, and the average radius of its phytogenic field is 235 cm.To create a continuous integral phytogenic field in the entire phytocenosis, 434 black saxaul individuals per 1 ha are required evenly.
The contents of Na + , K + , water, and dry matter were measured in leaves and roots of euhalophytes Salicornia europaea L. and Climacoptera lanata (Pall.) Botsch featuring succulent and xeromorphic cell structures, respectively, as well as in saltbush Atriplex micrantha C.A. Mey, a halophyte having bladder-like salt glands on their leaves. All three species were able to accumulate Na + in their tissues. The Na + content in organs increased with elevation of NaCl concentration in the substrate, the concentrations of Na + being higher in leaves than in roots. When these halophytes were grown on a NaCl-free substrate, a trend toward K + accumulation was observed and was better pronounced in leaves than in roots. Particularly high K + concentrations were accumulated in Salicornia leaves. There were no principal differences in the partitioning of Na + and K + between organs of three halophyte species representing different ecological groups. At all substrate concentrations of NaCl, the total content of Na + and K + in leaves was higher than in roots. This distribution pattern persisted in Atriplex possessing salt glands, as well as in euhalophytes Salicornia and Climacoptera. The physiological significance of such universal pattern of ion accumulation and distribution among organs in halophytes is related to the necessity of water absorption by roots, its transport to shoots, and maintenance of sufficient cell water content in all organs under high soil salinity.
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