Аннотация. Воробейник лекарственный (Lithospermum officinale L.)-ценное лекарственное растение, которое используется в народной медицине еще с давних времен в качестве мочегонного, слабительного, обезболивающего, противопростудного и противовоспалительного средства. Одним из наиболее распространенных классов биологически активных веществ растительного происхождения являются флавоноиды. В листьях воробейника лекарственного содержится изокверцитрин-флавоноид, который обладает регенерирующим действием. В данной работе приведены результаты изучения влияния параметров экстракции (концентрации этилового спирта, температуры, соотношения массы сырья к объему экстрагента, продолжительности, кратности) на выход флавоноидов из листьев воробейника лекарственного. С помощью ортогонального центрального композиционного планирования получена зависимость, которая описывает влияние температуры и продолжительности процесса экстракции на эффективность извлечения флавоноидов из листьев воробейника лекарственного. Установлено, что максимальный выход целевых компонентов, который составляет более 2 %, достигается при следующих параметрах процесса экстракции: экстрагент-50 %-ный этиловый спирт, соотношение массы сырья к объему экстрагента-1:20, температура-65-70 °С, продолжительность-35-45 мин. Экстрагирование сырья достаточно проводить в режиме однократной экстракции.
The study of wound-healing effect of the gel substances with 2 and 4 % (w/w) concentrations of the dry extracts of the everlasting flowers and of the littlewale leaves in the ratio 1:1 were carried out.It was found that the skin application of the studied gel substances promoted the formation of the structural and functional regenerate in the area of the wound defect. The studied gel contributed to the significant reduction of the healing duration of the full-thickness linear wounds in rats compared to the control group of animals (without treatment) and to the group of animals that received treatment with the reference listed drug. The use of the studied gels, regardless of the content of the plant extracts in them (2 or 4 % (w/w)), was not accompanied by toxic effects.
Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of extracts of flowers of Helichrysum and Sparrow leaves Natallya Adamtsevich, Postgraduate Student, Department of Biotechnology, Belarusian State Technological University Valery Baltousky, Professor of the Department of Chemical Processing of Wood and the Department of Biotechnology of the Belarusian State Technological University, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor Viktar Lyavontsyev, Head of the Department of Biotechnology, Belarusian State Technological University, Candidate of Chemical Sciences, Associate Professor Uladimir Tsitok, Director of the Central Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Corresponding Member Su mmary. The article provides an assessment of the antimicrobial activity of the extracts of the everlasting flowers and the leaves of the littlewale against gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus), gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) pathogenic bacteria and yeast-like fungi (Candida albicans). It has been established that the extract of the flowers of the everlasting has an antimicrobial action only against gram-positive bacteria. All types of the studied microorganisms are not sensitive to the extract of the leaves of the littlewale.
The dynamics of accumulation of flavonoids in the leaves of the littlewale (Lithospermum officinale L.) of the second year of cultivation in various phenological phases was studied. The maximum content of flavonoids was observed during the flowering phase. It was shown that the qualitative composition of the extracts of the leaves of the common sparrow in different phenological phases was changed insignificantly. At each stage of plant development, the flavonoid isoquercitrin was identified, the maximum amount of which was observed in the flowering phase.A comparative assessment of the elemental composition of the leaves of the littlewale is carried out, depending on the phenological phase. The quantitative content of 11 macro- and microelements has been determined. A high content of calcium, potassium and silicon was noted in each phase of plant development.
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