The current status of electric dipole moments of diamagnetic atoms which involves the synergy between atomic experiments and three different theoretical areas -particle, nuclear and atomic is reviewed. Various models of particle physics that predict CP violation, which is necessary for the existence of such electric dipole moments, are presented. These include the standard model of particle physics and various extensions of it. Effective hadron level combined charge conjugation (C) and parity (P) symmetry violating interactions are derived taking into consideration different ways in which a nucleon interacts with other nucleons as well as with electrons. Nuclear structure calculations of the CP-odd nuclear Schiff moment are discussed using the shell model and other theoretical approaches. Results of the calculations of atomic electric dipole moments due to the interaction of the nuclear Schiff moment with the electrons and the P and time-reversal (T) symmetry violating tensor-pseudotensor electron-nucleus are elucidated using different relativistic many-body theories. The principles of the measurement of the electric dipole moments of diamagnetic atoms are outlined. Upper limits for the nuclear Schiff moment and tensor-pseudotensor coupling constant are obtained combining the results of atomic experiments and relativistic many-body theories. The coefficients for the different sources of CP violation have been estimated at the elementary particle level for all the diamagnetic atoms of current experimental interest and their implications for physics beyond the standard model is discussed. Possible improvements of the current results of the measurements as well as quantum chromodynamics, nuclear and atomic calculations are suggested. .+y Nuclear tests of fundamental interactions and symmetries -31.15.ve Electron correlation calculations for atoms and ions: ground state PACS Higgs doublet modelsThe Higgs boson was recently discovered [4,5], but the detailed Higgs potential is still unknown. There are currently many well-motivated extensions of the Higgs sector BSM. The most well-known one is the two-Higgs doublet model (2HDM), and extensive studies have been performed [79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97].As the Higgs boson has a small coupling with light fermions, the one-loop level fermion EDM and the CP-odd four-fermion interactions are suppressed in 2HDM [98,99]. The leading contribution to the elementary level CP violation contributing to the EDM is the two-loop level Barr-Zee type diagram [79] [ Fig. 4 (b)], enhanced by the large Yukawa coupling of the top quark of the inner loop. The Barr-Zee type diagram contribution to the EDM of SM fermion can be written as [79]

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The ground states of all even-even nuclei have angular momentum, I, equal to zero, I = 0, and positive parity, π = +. This feature was believed to be a consequence of the attractive short-range interaction between nucleons. However, in the presence of two-body random interactions, the predominance of I π = 0 + ground states (0 g.s.) was found to be robust both for bosons and for an even number of fermions. For simple systems, such as d bosons, sp bosons, sd bosons, and a few fermions in single-j shells for small j, there are a few approaches to predict and/or explain spin I ground state (I g.s.) probabilities. An empirical approach to predict I g.s. probabilities is available for general cases, such as fermions in a single-j (j > 7/2) or many-j shells and various boson systems, but a more fundamental understanding of the robustness of 0 g.s. dominance is still out of reach. Further interesting results are also reviewed concerning other robust phenomena of manybody systems in the presence of random two-body interactions, such as the odd-even staggering of binding energies, generic collectivity, the behavior of average energies, correlations, and regularities of many-body systems interacting by a displaced twobody random ensemble.