Available studies on prevalence of Nutritional Anaemia in India showed that 65% infants and toddlers, 60% children 1-6 years of age, 80% adolescent girls and 85% pregnant women were anaemic. Hence, this study was planned in the subjects visiting Katihar Medical College and Hospital.AIMS AND OBJECTIVES 1. To estimate the incidence of anaemia in inhabitants of Katihar. 2. To assess the morphological types of anaemia in different groups of people in this population. 3. To find out the association between anaemia and various socio-demographic factors.
MATERIAL AND METHODSThe present longitudinal study was carried out between December 2009 and mid August 2011. Using 'Estimation setup technique' with anaemia proportion taken as 40% with level of significance 5% and absolute allowable error 7%, the inflated sample size was 197 and was rounded off to 200. These subjects were selected using convenience sampling. Statistical methods adopted to address the objectives were frequencies, proportions, contingency coefficient and Chi-square test for proportion.
RESULTSIn the present study, Microcytic, hypochromic anaemia (41.5%) was the most common type in both males and females. Highest incidence of anaemia in the present series was in the age group of 21-30 years being 37%. Incidence of anaemia was 62% in females and 38% in males. In present study, 130 cases (65%) were among vegetarians and 90 cases (45%) were among non-vegetarians; 76% cases were of low income group and 24% were middle income group. The commonest presenting symptoms were general weakness and tiredness (84%).
Background:Vaccines are mostly delivered through routine immunization and catch-up campaigns. Measles-rubella (MR) campaign, one of the largest vaccination campaigns, was launched on February 8, 2017, in five states of India including Karnataka.Objectives:The objective of this study was to compare the association of various sociodemographic factors influencing routine immunization and MR campaign and to identify the reasons for nonvaccination.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was done after the end of MR campaign, by interviewing parents of 147 children aged 9 months to 5 years in urban areas of Mysore. Sociodemographic factors and measles vaccination status by routine immunization and MR campaign were studied.Results:The coverage of measles vaccination by routine immunization and the MR campaign was 93.9% (138/147) and 86.4% (127/147), respectively. While communication with field workers was significantly associated with both routine immunization and the MR campaign, religion and mother's educational status were associated with MR campaign (P < 0.05). The most common reason for not being vaccinated was lack of unawareness about the campaign and the location for vaccination which could have been curbed by health education.Conclusions:The study has shown that there are many factors which can be prevented by the health system that might help in improving immunization coverage.
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