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analyzed. The numerically simulated results show that TiN can play the similar role as gold nanoparticles on thin film silicon solar cells. Furthermore, TiN plasmonic material is cheap, abundant and more Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) compatible material than traditional plasmonic metals like Ag and Au, which can be easy integration with other optoelectronic devices.

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In the majority of rice producing countries, much of the husk produced from the processing of rice is either burnt or dumped as waste. Rice husks are one of the largest readily available but most under-utilized biomass resources, being an ideal fuel for electricity generation. In this communication the author reported the X-ray diffraction studies on rice husk ash (RHA) concrete samples heated at 300˚C and 1000˚C which were compared and observed that at 300˚C the inner surface of the specimen shows an extra compound. Copper Iron Lead Telluride Cu 3 FePbTe 4 along with SiO 2 , Al 5 Fe 2 ZnO 4 was present on the surface which also and might be responsible for imparting additional strength to 7.5% RHA concrete at 300˚C. The X-ray diffraction studies of samples exposed to 1000˚C on temperature showed that the additional chemical compounds formed at lower temperatures were not found at 1000˚C at outer and inner surfaces of the sample indicating its possible reason for exhibiting poor strengths for all specimens. The outer surface of the 1000˚C heated specimen showed a compound named dichloroglyoxime C 2 H 2 Cl 2 N 2 O 2 along with SiO 2 but the inner surface of the same sample showed SiO 2 alone.