The study aimed to determine the characteristic changes in alimentary lymphoma in cats during ultrasonography, pathoanatomic and cytological examination of biopsy material. The survey objects are cats with gastroenterological disorders with suspected alimentary lymphoma of different ages and genders. The diagnosis was made based on a clinical examination according to generally accepted methods, laboratory blood examination, ultrasound examination, pathomorphological examination of the intestinal walls and lymph nodes, and cytological examination of the lymph node material obtained by the TIAB method. The authors carried out the material sampling for cytological examination using percutaneous fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy under ultrasound control on the Mindray Z6 Vet apparatus. In addition, the authors conducted pathological and cytological studies in the Vet Union laboratory. When analyzing ultrasound examination in cats diagnosed with alimentary lymphoma, hepatomegaly, 1% ascites, 3% hydrothorax, 3 % increase in mediastinal lymph nodes, 7% splenomegaly, 16% violation of differentiation of intestinal layers, 16% violation of differentiation of intestinal layers, 29% increase in mesenteric lymph nodes, 29 % thickening of intestinal walls were observed in 12% of cases. Cytological examination revealed rounded, large, separately located cells. The population is monomorphic. During a histological study in the intestinal wall, adjacent fatty tissue of the omentum, and lymph node tissue, there is a highly cellular invasive formation constructed from diffuse layers of rounded lymphoid neoplastic cells with a scanty fibrous stroma. The most characteristic ultrasound findings are the thickening of the intestinal walls and an increase in mesenteric lymph nodes.
Gastrointestinal or alimentary lymphoma is the most common primary malignant neoplasm of the gastrointestinal tract in cats. The aim of the work is to study the pathogmonicity of functional and laboratory parameters in alimentary lymphoma in cats. The objects of the study were cats of different breeds, the age ranged from 2 to 16 years, the average live weight at the time of admission was 3.9 kg with pronounced gastroenterological disorders. Two groups of cats were created for the study: 1st – control (healthy individuals; n= 10), 2nd – experimental (sick individuals; n= 20). All cats were subjected to standard clinical examination by general methods - examination, palpation, auscultation, thermometry. Anamnesis was carefully collected and general (hematological analyzer URIT-2800Vet) and biochemical (automatic biochemical analyzer IDEXX Catalist) blood tests and additional research methods were performed. Gastrointestinal lymphomas are the leaders – 79% of all lymphomas. The vast majority of cats had progressive weight loss, hypo- and anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea. Solid neoplasms in the abdominal cavity were palpated only in 11 cats. In the general blood test, erythrocytes in the experimental group are lower than in the control group (6.23±0.28x1012/l versus 8.40±0.81x1012/l; P<0.01); the level of leukocytes in the experimental group is 78% higher than in the control group (P<0.001); the number of lymphocytes is higher in the experimental group by 74.3% (P <0.001); monocytes were higher in the experimental group - 7.21 ±0.39% versus 4.0±1.05% (P <0.01). Biochemical blood analysis showed that the studied parameters in sick cats are mainly within the reference values. The level of urea is higher in sick cats by 38.71% (P <0.05), AST by 88.79%. As the most pronounced clinical signs of alimentary lymphoma, hypo- and anorexia, progressive weight loss, vomiting, diarrhea can be distinguished, from laboratory indicators - a decrease in the number of red blood cells, an increase in the number of leukocytes, including monocytes, an increase in urea levels.
This article examines the effectiveness of the treatment of rickets in young camels bred in the Republic of Kalmykia with tricalcium phosphate and tricalcium phosphate with granuvite E. To determine the biogeochemical features of the Justinsky and Yashkulsky districts of the Republic of Kalmykia, we carried out an analysis of diets for nutritional value and balance, and a study of the soil, water, feed, and macronutrient content of camels’ blood. The article presents data from the clinical examination, and the clinical, hematological and biochemical blood tests carried out before, during and after therapy. To enrich the body of experimental camels with missing macrocells (calcium, phosphorus) and vitamins (tocopherol), an experiment was carried out using tricalcium phosphate and tricalcium phosphate with granuvite E. From an economic point of view, it is more appropriate to use tricalcium phosphate (17.82 rubles) than tricalcium phosphate with granuvite E (15.54 rubles). However, as confirmed by laboratory studies (hematological and biochemical parameters), from a therapeutic point of view, the use of tricalcium phosphate for one month does not completely restore calcium-phosphorus imbalance, unlike when tricalcium phosphate is used with granuvite E. The use of tricalcium phosphate and granuvite E for therapeutic purposes once a month for young camels of 120 g and 2 g, respectively, has high therapeutic efficacy in treating osteodystrophy and normalizes the calcium-phosphorus ratio. Keywords: young camels, therapy, mineral metabolism, tricalcium phosphate
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