Oxytocin in the hypothalamus is the biological basis of social recognition, trust, love and bonding. Previously, we showed that CD38, a proliferation marker in leukaemia cells, plays an important role in the hypothalamus in the process of oxytocin release in adult mice. Disruption of Cd38 (Cd38 −/−) elicited impairment of maternal behaviour and male social recognition in adult mice, similar to the behaviour observed in Oxt and oxytocin receptor (Oxtr) gene knockout (Oxt −/− and Oxtr −/−, respectively) mice. Locomotor activity induced by separation from the dam was higher and the number of ultrasonic vocalisation calls was lower in Cd38 −/− than Cd38 +/+ pups. However, these behavioural changes were much milder than those observed in Oxt −/− and Oxtr −/− mice, indicating less impairment of social behaviour in Cd38 −/− pups. These phenotypes appeared to be caused by the high plasma oxytocin levels during development from the neonatal period to 3‐week‐old juvenile mice. ADP‐ribosyl cyclase activity was markedly lower in the knockout mice from birth, suggesting that weaning for mice is a critical time window of plasma oxytocin differentiation. Breastfeeding was an important exogenous source of plasma oxytocin regulation before weaning as a result of the presence of oxytocin in milk and the dam’s mammary glands. The dissimilarity between Cd38 −/− infant behaviour and those of Oxt −/− or Oxtr −/− mice can be explained partly by this exogenous source of oxytocin. These results suggest that secretion of oxytocin into the brain in a CD38‐dependent manner may play an important role in the development of social behaviour.

Those with a pragmatic attitude were less likely to have PTSD. However, those who were required to make decisions within close relationships and were intimate with the Nanai tradition and the Amur River had increased likelihood of PTSD.

The article presents the most significant literature data on the influence of hardening of a person on the possibilities of adaptive reactions of the body to low ambient temperatures. The most important functions of temperature receptors as an afferent link in the transmission of information, its correct processing and an adequate response of the body to the action of unfavorable environmental factors are shown. The review considers the main physiological reactions of the body to short-term and long-term exposure to cold. The processes of metabolic, vegetative, hormonal changes that help a person to adapt in terms of professional activity and living in harsh climatic conditions are described. The main principles of the hardening and training influence of environmental factors on a person are highlighted. The analysis of the literature data on the methods and methods of training the body’s resistance in case of its various dysfunctions in cold conditions is given. The positive effect of cold on the human body was studied. The article analyzes modern health-improving and cold training technologies. Methods are presented that combine cold training procedures with the use of drugs and physical exercises for faster and more effective adaptation to low temperatures.

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AbstractsFor easening of implementation of mechanisms of adaptation to cold influence on humans, they use pharmacological agents; however, the scope of these foods is limited. Human nutrition focuses on the use of adaptangenes of traditional medicine of animal origin, such as pants of dappled deer and reindeer. As the result of experimental research they got new data on exclusion of toxicity of researched adaptangenes, antioxidant properties actoprotective effect of cold influence on organism were identified. Key words Pants, cold influence, antioxidant effect, actoprotective influence. The most important pathogenic climatological environmental factor influencing on the population of Russian Federation, especially in the North and Far East is cold. Adaptation to cold influence is long process; morphological changes are stipulated by the deterioration of cell membranes and activation of lipid peroxidation etc. For easening of adaptation reactions to cold, they use the means from pants of dappled deer and reindeer influencing human organism softly and harmonically without side effects (Brachman 1974).The goal and task of research was scientific-methodical ground of nutritive use of pants' foods for increasing of human organism' cold-resistance. Materials and methods Research on exclusion of toxicity of foods from pants were conducted in accordance with generally accepted methodical approaches (I.V. Sanozkii and coauthors 1979). For study of antioxidant features of foods from pants, they selected biochemical methods letting evaluate the participation of researched foods in the processes of peroxidized lipid oxidation (POL). Physical working capacity was identified according to the swimming time, working capacity of experimental rats on tertiary. The study of adaptive reactions of animals towards cold were conducted with the use of model of long cold influence with the use of climatic cell of the firm "Fentron" -GDR (V.A. Dorovskih 1987). The researched elements of pants are safe according to the criteria of common-toxic influence. They respond to the demands of safety according to ecological and hygienic concept of human nutrition. The following foods from pants are increasing the stability of animals towards fatigue in conditions of adaptation to coldness. They are effective as antioxidant means for prevention of pathogenic influence of low temperatures in the periods of long freeze. That is adaptogenic elements from pants are recommended for use in human nutrition for correction of cold stress on organism. References Method:MTT assay was used to detect the inhibitory effect of DOX, TMP and different proportions of two drugs on the proliferation of Hela cells and Hep-G2 cells.100 μl of Hela and Hep-G2 cells in logarithmic growth phase were placed in 96-well plates.The cells were cultured for 24 h in a 5% CO2 incubator.One group was added to the cell suspension without drugs as a control.Then we added different concentrations of TMP and DOX, each concentration of 5wells.After cultured for 48 h, 10 μl of MTT solutio...