Titanium dioxide is used as an effective candidate for the heterogeneous photocatalytic processes because it is highly photoactive, inexpensive, non-toxic, photostable, commercially available and chemically inert [1]. Various industries such as paper, textile, ink, varnishes and paints discharge their large amount of unreacted dyes and dye intermediates into the aquatic systems. These contaminants result in high BOD, COD, toxicity, bad smell and colouration [2]. The presence of colour and its causative compounds in water make them undesirable for domestic or industrial usages as colour is visible and can be an indication of pollution [3]. Hence, the decolorization and mineralization of wastewater have received an increased attention. Several methods have been developed for treatment of wastewater. The dye effluents can be treated by various traditional methods such as biological methods, flocculation, reverse osmosis, adsorption on activated carbon and ion-exchange method [4-6]. These methods transfer the pollutants from one phase to other phase causing secondary pollution. Heterogeneous photocatalysis is one of the promising advanced oxidation techniques applied for the degradation and mineralization of pollutants such as organic compounds, dyes and fertilizers [7]. Hence, in recent years, researches on semiconductor based heterogeneous photocatalysis for the remediation of pollutants have grown remarkably.
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