An integral part of the technological preparation of artificial cultivation of brine shrimp in saline water is a set of preliminary experimental work to assess the quality of cysts. It has been shown that during the winter period, activation of Artemia cysts occurs from the initial hatching values of 5-10 % to 72-99 %. The most optimal salinity range for hatching nauplii is a salinity of 20-30 g/l. With an increase in salinity above these indicators, hatching decreases. The size of hatching of Artemia depends on the salinity of a natural reservoir. In reservoirs with salinity of 50-80 g / l, higher hatching rates were obtained than with salinity of 150-160 g/l. Higher hatching rates are observed when using natural lake water for incubation. During incubation of cysts in a standard solution and fixed salinity and temperature conditions, the development rate of various stages of nauplii from the beginning of the opening of cysts (breaking stage) and pre-nauplius to active nauplii is shown. After 1.5–2 h after the mass appearance of pre-nauplii, they completely change into the nauplius stage.
А qualitative method was used in the study. The article describes the terrain of the studied territories, the heterogeneity of the biotic component, the description of the aspects of the accumulation of toxic excretions on mammalian organisms.During the investigation, the main environmental pollutants in the Pavlodar region and their impact on the organisms of mammals were studied. Catching of animals is carried out according to standard methods using accounting lines: trap-lines and trapping grooves. The aspects of bioaccumulation of fluorine, benz (a) pyrene, heavy metals (lead, zinc, arsenic, mercury) in the organisms of animal populations inhabiting the urban areas of Pavlodar region have been determined. The main fluoride depot is bone tissue. Heavy metals tend to accumulate in the fur of mammals, as well as in the liver, kidneys, lungs and genitals. The most dangerous for animal health is benzo (a) pyrene, which can accumulate in adipose tissue. Benz (a) pyrene, being the strongest mutagen, can lead to the formation of malignant tumors. The degree of accumulation of toxic secretions directly depends on the habitat of animals and the type of food. It was found that contaminants can accumulate in bone, connective and epithelial tissues.
Mammals are distributed everywhere on the territory of the Pavlodar region (North-East of Kazakhstan). The narrow-crusted vole and steppe mouse species dominate in the anthropogenic habitats. Small mammals live in the conditions of emission of large enterprises of heavy industry. There are oxides of sulfur (IV) and nitrogen (IV), carbon monoxide (II), solid fluorides, hydrogen fluoride, benz(a)pyrene; V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb near large factories and highways. Animals receive toxic substances from food through trophic levels and through respiration. Insectivorous mammals suffer from pollution more than rodents. Fluoride accumulates in the bone tissue. Heavy metals are present in the coat, liver, kidneys, lungs, genitals and musculoskeletal system of mammals. The most dangerous for animal health is benz (a) pyrene, which is a mutagen in small quantities. The degree of influence of toxic substances decreases with the remoteness of the habitat from the sources of pollution.
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