Aim. Determination of the degree of phylogenetic relationship of Yersinia pestis strains isolated from the territories of natural foci of plague from the Caucasus using VNTR-typing by 25 loci (MLVA25). Materials and methods. 26 strains of Y. pestis from Russian natural foci of the Caucasus were used in the study. 25 loci of tandem repeats in Y. pestis genome by Le Fleche scheme were used for execution of multi-locus VNTR-analysis. Deciphering of nucleotide sequences was carried out in automatic sequencer ABI 3130 Genetic Analyser. Analysis of confinement of clusters to certain territories, objects and time of isolation of strains was carried out using Arc GIS 10.1 program. Results. Groups of MLVA25-types of various levels of discrimination were formed: clusters, groups and subgroups. Clusters were formed by strains of various taxonomic membership: main and subspecies of Y. pestis. Subgroups reflect membership of strains in certain foci, and MLVA25-types - the degree of genetic relationship. Conclusion. Genetic «portraits» of plague causative agents obtained using MLVA25-types circulating in various natural-focal territories allow to solve problems ofboth theoretical and practical character: from interpretation of microevolution processes to the search of the source of infection and ways of its spread during possible epidemic complications.
The article shows the presence of pathogen single cells of a dried sample in swabs taken from the camera
surfaces of sublimation machines after lyophilization is completed, which may entail the possibility of
release in the form of aerosol of viable cells of lyophilized microorganisms and lead to the creation of
dangerous to personnel emergency situation. We proposed the use of additional isolation equipment -
laminar box equipped with H14 class HEPA filters, the purpose of which is to protect the operator and
the environment when working with pathogenic biological agents. The swabs taken from the internal
surfaces of the laminar box and lyophilic machines at the end of the process gave negative results, which
minimized the aerosol formation risk in room of the bacteriological box. We selected personal protective
equipment, disinfectants for processing equipment and the final product, developed an algorithm for
personnel actions, which made it possible to significantly increase the level of protection against
pathogens of laboratory staff and the environment.
The article presents the results of experimental evaluation of the effectiveness of new culture substrate
developed for the isolation and cultivation of Legionella, the strains isolated from environmental objects in
the resort city of Sochi before and during XXII Olympic games. Dense nutrient substrate prepared on the
basis of enzymatic hydrolysate of chicken egg yolk and enzymatic hydrolysate of the lung of the pig with
additional stimulants allowed saving number of colonies in the earlier stages of the study and storage of the
isolated strains during long period of time compared with domestic commercial nutrient substrate.
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