ABSTRACT. Hematologic data gathered over a period of 4.8 years from 196 owl monkeys, Aotus trivirgatus, were analyzed to find if karyotypic differences existed. It was found that none of 30 animals of karyotypes K-I and K-VI developed hemolytic anemia, whereas 46 of 99 animals of K-II, K-III and K-IV did (p<0.005). Analysis of hemograms of normal owl monkeys showed that mean percent eosinophils varied markedly, K-I monkeys having lowest counts, 3.2 ~, and K-VI animals having the highest, 33 ~. These results establish that idiopathic eosinophilia and hemolytic anemia in this species are probably unrelated but susceptibility to both has a strong genetic component.
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