The purpose of the paper is to study the problem of regional security, for which the most urgent is the problem of powers distribution between the central government and the regions. The aim of the paper is to compare the ideas about the essence of regional security in the discourse of state power and the regions in order to find a solution to the possibility of managing the situation of regional security. The research methodology involves the use of comparative analysis, as well as the use of a phenomenological and situational approach, the theory of social services and the dialogue of cultures. The authors argue that the solution of the regional security problem within the framework of the federal state is a continuous process of finding a compromise aimed at an attempt to meet the multidirectional needs, one of which is to ensure the unity, sovereignty and integrity of the Russian Federation; the other is to protect and safeguard the safe existence of regions. Therefore, it is necessary to state that the system of vital interests at the regional level is mobile; it changes under the influence of conditions, security environment. A decisive role in the process of changes in regional interests, and, consequently, regional security, is played by factors prompting the region to take fundamentally important political and other actions, among which discourses of regional security stand out, such as the discourse of state power and regional discourse of security. This orientation determines the novelty of the study, which for the first time is aimed at separating the regional security discourse from the security discourse of state power and substantiating the resolution of the contradiction between them. As a result, the paper examines a regional security model within the framework of the concept of regional security complexes, which offers an analysis of this problem through a critical comparison of the power and regional discourses that have an intellectual impact on the formation of the foreign and domestic political situation in the country at various moments of political reality
The relevance of the article is due to the growing importance of the regional security factor in modern conditions, where the level of regional self-awareness and the desire for relative autonomy are growing within the framework of the general process of developing the security system. The article is devoted to the analysis of the security concepts existing in the history of political doctrines in order to identify the evolution of ideas about “regional security”. The study uses comparative, systemic and hermeneutic methods, the action of which is aimed at identifying aspects of regional security in the texts devoted to the problems of state, national and public security. The novelty of the research is associated with the development of the ideas’ evolution about regional security from abstract ideas to various aspects of regional practice. The result of the study is the evidence that, being originally one of the aspects of general management theory, the ideas of regional security at the end of the twentieth century have become the core of the concept of “regional security complexes”. The next result was the substantiation that modern criticism of this concept is the basis of the theoretical constructions of regional security in the 21st century, which are based on a synthesis of ideas about the need to adopt rules adopted by states that support the stability of world security and the influence of regions with their own interests. The conclusion of the study is to assert that modern concepts of regional security are based on the synthesis of methodologies of the systemic and constructivist approaches. This methodology is used to substantiate the assertion that any state is forced to deal with the security problems of its regions, to pay attention to the existing threats and regional interests in them, which may be of a constructive nature, and may pose a real danger associated with challenges from the political, economic, military, environmental, social spheres
The article is devoted to the analysis of the security philosophy formation, the central concept of which is security, differently understood by different philosophical directions. The purpose of the study is the need to analyze the process of the security concept formation in the history of Western philosophy. To achieve the goal, a comparative analysis methodology was applied based on a cultural-historical approach associated with the procedures for analyzing philosophical texts on security issues. The novelty of the research is provided by the analysis of the evolution of ideas about security as a concept, the structure of which has expanded, gradually including the sphere of not only real, material, but also imaginable, spiritual security. The authors note that for a long time it was customary to talk about the phenomenon of security only in the aspect of substantiating the reasons for the unification of the population within the boundaries of state formations. However, under the influence of Christian ideology, security began to be understood as a person’s inner experience of his spiritual state. At the same time, the actualization of the concept of “unity” within the framework of the national states of the New Age led to the development of the idea of national security, the accumulation of knowledge about which served as the beginning of a wide range of ideas about economic, cultural, legal and personal security formation. Now security has been understood as a system of measures within which definitions of protection and preservation, the state and the local group, material goods and spiritual interests, real and imaginary danger are divided
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