Four new species of the genus Iotonchus, viz., L nayari, 1. kherai, L khani and I. heynsi are described. I. nayari comes close to I. risoceiae but differs in having shorter body and longer spicules compared to body length. 1. kherai differs from L indicus in body size, shape and size of buccal cavity and presence of males and from I. risoceiae in the shape of buccal cavity and subventral opening of caudat glands. 1. khani differs from I. chantaburensis in having shorter tail, poorly developed caudal glands and spinneret and absence of distinct valve between oviduct and uterus. I. heynsi differs from 1. longicaudatus by having an indistinct terminal caudal gland opening,non-cuticularised vagina and absence of sphincter at oviduct-uterus junction and from I. trichurus by the size and anterior position of dorsal tooth. A key to Indian species of the genus Iotonchus is provided.
In recent years increasing number or studies have been undertaken involving modern techniques like DNA hybridization, analysis or enzymic and chromosomal polymorphism in conspecific populations, ecophysiology and behaviour in individual species etc with far reaching implications in the systematics or Entognathous Apterygota, particularly the Collembola. Both scanning and transmission electron microscopes have been used extensively for the study or surface structure, sense organs, spermatozoa and gut providing considerable insight into phylogenetic relationship or higher taxa as well as interrelationships at the generic and lower taxonomic levels.
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