Wireless body area networks (WBANs) are valuable solutions for healthcare lifestyle monitoring applications which allow the continuous screening of health data and constant access to patients despite their current locality or activity, with a fraction of the cost of regular face-to-face examination. In such environments, entities are equipped with intelligence-embedded devices to collect data for providing pervasive information. WBANs can serve as passing reference for huge audience instance systems for architects, practitioners, developers, medical engineers, etc. In particular for the medical field, devices fixed inside the human body measure and transfer real-time data to the caregiver through the communication network. Many technologies have showed their efficiency in secondary WBANs application such as biofeedback, remote sensing, and QoS requirement. This chapter highlights the major applications, design, and security of WBAN.
The packet transmission among sensor nodes mainly focuses on clock synchronization. This paper proposes a protocol for efficient clock synchronization in energy based approaches to overcome the clock synchronization invariances and communication overheads. Clustering technique helps to design the sensor network architectures and broadcast the sensor nodes. The existing Mobility Zonal Based Stable Election Protocol (Mob-ZSEP) protocol identifies best path using clustering approach. The selected best path using Mob-ZSEP routing protocol will be utilized by proposed clock synchronization protocols. This research paper proposes two novel protocols: Energy based Proportional Integral and Least Common Multiple (EPILCM) and Weighted based Least Common Multiple (WLCM). EPILCM protocol hybrids two methods such as Energy based Proportional Integral (EPI) and Energy based Least Common Multiple (ELCM). The proposed EPILCM protocol is used for clock synchronization using energy based approach which reduces energy consumption, synchronization error, propagation delay, clock inaccuracy and communication overhead. WLCM protocol performs transmission based on the weight of the packet in sensor networks. The EPILCM, WLCM protocols are compared and the simulation results shows that EPILCM protocol outperforms WLCM protocol.
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