seasons (2002 to 2004). The treatments were four cultivars of rootstock ('Paulsen 1103', 'SO4', 'Harmony' and '420A')
The aim of this study was to estimate the phenotypic divergence among fourteen pumpkins accessions of the cucurbits Germplasm Active Bank of Embrapa Semiárido, in order to support breeding program to these species. Nine morphoagronomic descriptors were analyzed by the principal components and by UPGMA techniques. In the analysis of principal components, the formation of three contrasting clusters was observed, each one composed of two accessions. There occurred also the formation of one core group composed of five accessions, being the accessions called 683 and 684 collected in Bahia and the other in Maranhão. The most divergent accessions were 620, 624 and 748. The variables of the greatest contribution to the genetic divergence were diameter, weight and average length of the fruit. In the UPGMA analysis, obtained from the symmetric matrices generated by the Mahalanobis distance for the nine descriptors, there was the formation of one core group, composed of ten accessions, whose similarity was 45.71%, with geographically divergent accessions presenting the greatest similarity. Three accessions were not clustered with others. The study identified phenotypic variability for the analyzed characters and the absence of relationship between place of collection and phenotypic diversity.
Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a divergência fenotípica em uvas da Coleção da Embrapa Semi-Árido, com base em oito variáveis morfoagronômicas avaliadas nos anos 2005 e 2006. Nas uvas com sementes, a análise por componentes principais identifi cou oito grupos contrastantes. As variáveis mais relevantes, quanto à divergência genética, foram peso e comprimento de bagas. Em uvas sem sementes, formouse apenas um grupo, e as variáveis mais relevantes foram peso de bagas e produção. A distância euclidiana média padronizada no grupo com sementes mostrou que 41% dos acessos apresentaram estimativas acima da média geral. No grupo sem sementes, o percentual foi de 47%. Foi observada concordância de resultados com os componentes principais. Pelo UPGMA, formaram-se três grandes grupos das uvas com sementes: o primeiro, com 14 acessos; o segundo, com seis acessos e similaridade de 56%; e o terceiro, com 19 acessos e similaridade de 73%. Das uvas sem sementes, formaram-se três grupos: um, com 11 acessos e similaridade de 59%; outro, com sete acessos e similaridade de 58%; e o terceiro com apenas um acesso. Sugere-se que os acessos com maior divergência quanto aos caracteres estudados sejam utilizados para a obtenção de híbridos de videira.Termos para indexação: Vitis vinifera, descritores de videira, divergência genética, melhoramento genético. Phenotypic divergence among table grapes accesses in the Brazilian Semi-AridAbstract -The aim of this work was to evaluate the phenotypic divergence in grapes from the Collection of Embrapa Semi-Árido, in 2005/2006, based on eight morphoagronomic variables. In seeded grapes, the analysis by main components identifi ed eight contrasting groups. The most important variables for genetic divergence were weight and length of berries. In seedless grapes, only one group was found, with berry weight and yield as the most important variables. The standardized mean Euclidean distance in the seeded grapes showed that 41% accesses had estimative higher than the general mean; in the seedless grapes, it was 47%. Agreement with the principal components was observed. Through UPGMA, three big groups with seeds were formed: the fi rst with 14 accesses; the second with six accesses and 56% similarity; the third with 19 accesses and 73% similarity. In the seedless group, two groups were formed: one with 11 accesses and 59% similarity; another with seven accesses and 58% similarity; and the third with one access. It is suggested that accesses with higher divergence for the studied characters be used to obtain grape hybrids.
The objective of this study was to evaluate agronomic and molecular traits of the 'Italia Muscat' clone and compare it with the cv. 'Italia', providing information to support the cultivation of 'Italia Muscat' this cultivar in the São Francisco River Valley. Agronomic characteristics of both clones were evaluated for two seasons in 2004. The characteristics were phenology, bud break (%), bud fertility (%), yield (kg) mass of bunches (g), length and width of bunches (cm), mass of berries (g), length and diameter of berries (mm), TSS (ºBrix), ATT (% titratable acidity) and TSS/TTA. Molecular analysis of seven SSR markers were carried out. The clone 'Italia Muscat' showed larger berries, mass of bunches and better TSS/TA ratio than 'Italia'. The molecular analysis resulted in the same allelic profile in both clones, highlighting the need to use a larger number of microsatellite markers or other molecular technique to allow their discrimination. Based on their morpho-agronomic characteristics, 'Italia Muscat' seems to be a good table grape cultivar alternative for grape growers of São Francisco River Valley.
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