The main goal of this research was to investigate and compare the protective effects of L-glutamic acid (l-Glu) alone and combined with Pyridoxine (l-Glu+Pyridoxine) for the purpose of suppression and mitigation of epinephrine-induced stress in rats. This study outlines possible links between changes of reduced glutathione (GSh) level, antioxidant enzymes activity and content of the lipid peroxidation products after administration of the above-mentioned substances and under the action of stress in various tissues of rats. The obtained results suggest that the GSH level was significantly inhibited by stress in all investigated tissues (except kidneys). We have shown that under the stress, activities of glutathione-associated enzymes were changed (mainly decreased) in all investigated tissues. In rats, which additionally received l-Glu and l-Glu+Pyridoxine, much less changes or lack of changes in studied parameters were observed. The content of lipid peroxidation products (lipid peroxides (lOOh) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBaRS)) in myocardium, liver and kidney tissues of experimental groups under the stress conditions were significantly higher compared to the control.
Epinephrine (EpI) surges is known to be associated with stress induction and raising risk of heart strokes. The search for effective, nontoxic substances with antioxidative effects has been intensified in recent years. We focused our attention on two amino acids: L-glutamic acid (Glu) and L-cysteine (Cys). Our goal was to compare the effects of Glu, Cys and Glu in combination with Cys intraperitoneal administration on the antioxidant system indicators and the content of lipid peroxidation products in myocardium and spleen tissues of rats subjected to experimental EPI-induced stress. Rats were divided into five groups: EPI, EPI/Glu, EPI/ Glu/Cys, EPI/Cys and control. The reduced glutathione (GSH) and TBA-active products level, glutathione peroxidase (GPx,), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activity in tissues were measured. Our results indicate that epinephrine-induced stress increased the content of the lipid peroxidation products in myocardium and reduced the level of GSH in myocardium and spleen tissues of rats. Increasing of GPx activity in spleen of only stressed animals were observed, while the GPx activity in groups of rats treated with amino acids (Glu, Glu/Cys, Cys) was significantly lowered. The obtained results suggest that the GR activity was significantly inhibited by stress in all investigated groups in spleen and epinephrine-induced rats and EPI/Cys groups of rats in myocardium. In rats treated with amino acids (particularly, Glu and Glu/Cys groups), we observed no significant difference in studied parameters. Our results indicate that application of Glu, Cys alone or in combination can increase GSH content in both studied tissues and activity of some antioxidative enzymes, and thus partially mitigated of epinephrine-induced stress in rats.
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