The article presents the results of a study of the wear of individual pump elements, a decrease in their efficiency and significant losses. The nonidentical operation of the extreme and middle pumps was established. The uneven approach of water to the extreme units created reverse flows of water in the suction pipes, work with vibrations of modes close to cavitation. The modernization of the pumps improved the cavitation characteristics due to the elimination of the cavitation center at the impeller inlet in the area of the driven disk, which increased the reliability and durability of the pump. Diagnostics of irrigation pumps made it possible to substantiate proposals for the modernization of their main units and operating modes. The distribution of pumps according to the general level of vibration is shown, indicating the direction at which the maximum value of vibration displacement was recorded and the results of a comparative measurement of the vibration of the units of the pumping station-1 of the Karshi Main Channel (KMC).Studies of the pumps of large irrigation pumping stations have shown a reduction in vibration and an improvement in basic operating parameters. With the participation of the authors, new complex methods of operation are being developed, which allow increasing its reliability by predicting the technical condition.
The article gives the main results of the study of the dynamics of wear of the working bodies of irrigation pumps, gives the main recommendations as a result of the study of pumping units in the presence of cavitation. The authors consider the cavitation coefficient as the minimum value of this expression, at which the beginning of cavitation is detected. The process of unsteady cavitation is accompanied by many significant effects in which the water flow becomes two-phase, with a corresponding change in its properties, which affects the pump's efficiency. The effect of particle size on the erosion rate is predominant only up to a certain size limit, i.e., 600-800 microns on the blades. After that, the erosion rate increases with a comparatively slower rate. This indicates that the particle size affects the erosion rate only up to a certain particle size.
The article presents the developed methods and models for analyzing the dynamic indicators of pumping units for different time intervals of their state during operation. The main tasks of assessing the technical condition are to identify deviations from design solutions, the presence of damage, defects in pump structures that can cause accidents. The results of the development of a diagnostic system for pumping units at pumping stations are presented. The working conditions of the connecting links of the main pumping and power equipment and its diagnostics are considered. The introduction of the proposed diagnostic system will lead to a reduction in operating costs of pumping units and the cost of their maintenance.
The article presents data on the cost of construction and economic efficiency of similar objects of pumped storage hydroelectric power plants (PSHPP) in world practice and in Uzbekistan. Development of measures to reduce head losses in intermediate channels of hydraulic systems and increase their efficiency is urgent issues. The authors assess the importance of the data obtained on the example of new design schemes for small hydroelectric power plants and pumped storage power plants of the Tuyamuyun hydroelectric complex, selected as an object of research.
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