Pandan leaf (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) is a plant that grows wild, which belongs to the Pandanaceae tribe which is used as a natural medicine. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial effectiveness of the handwashing soap formulation of pandan leaf extract against Salmonella sp bacteria and which concentration was the most effective. Extracts were made by maceration method using 96% ethanol as solvent. Formulation with mass 1 and mass 2. Testing of antibacterial effectiveness was carried out by diffusion method using disc paper. The results of the examination of the simplicia characterization of pandan leaves were determined to determine the water content of 0.1575%, the determination of the content of the water soluble extract was 0.1233%, the determination of the concentration of the soluble extract in ethanol was 0.0054%, the determination of the ash content of 0.1575%, the determination of the content of the acid insoluble extract. 0.0101%. Simplicia screening results contain alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and polyphenols. The yield of pandan leaf extraction is 90 g. The results of testing the effectiveness of Salmonella sp antibacterial on the diameter of the most effective inhibition zone was obtained at a concentration of 15% with a diameter of 22.70 mm. The results of the research, it can be concluded that the formulation of hand soap preparations with pandan leaf extract has antibacterial effectiveness against Salmonella sp.
Antioxidants are molecules that can inhibit or prevent the oxidation reactions of other molecules that generate free radicals. Antioxidants can be synthesized in the body (endogenous) or obtained from food intake (exogenous). Modern pharmacological investigations show that the extract of Picria fel-terrae Lour. Herbs. Effective as an antioxidant because of the high content of flavonoids and phenols. This study aims to analyze the antioxidant activity, total phenol content and total flavonoid content in ethanol extract (EE). The powder was extracted by Soxhletation, percolation and reflux method with absolute ethanol. Antioxidant activity was analyzed by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), FRAP, ABTS and CUPRAC. Total phenol content was measured using the Folin-Ciocalteau method and total flavonoid content was measured using AlCl3 reagent using colorimetric method. The best antioxidant activity and the highest total phenolic content were indicated by the soxhlet extraction method with IC50 23.52 ± 0.17 g/mL and 160.77 ± 0.95 mg GAE/g, and the highest total flavonoid content was indicated by the reflux method (1.08 ± 0. 02 mg QE/g). In conclusion, the ethanolic extract of Picria fel-terrae Lour. Herbs Lour with reflux extraction method can be further developed as an antioxidant.
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