Abstract. Northern peatlands represent one of the largest carbon pools in the biosphere, but the carbon they store is increasingly vulnerable to perturbations from climate and land-use change. Meteorological observations taken directly at peatland areas in Siberia are unique and rare, while peatlands are characterized by a specific local climate. This paper presents a hydrological and meteorological dataset collected at the Mukhrino peatland, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra, Russia, over the period of 8 May 2010 to 31 December 2019. Hydrometeorological data were collected from stations located at a small pine–shrub–Sphagnum ridge and Scheuchzeria–Sphagnum hollow at ridge–hollow complexes of ombrotrophic peatland. The monitored meteorological variables include air temperature, air humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind speed and direction, incoming and reflected photosynthetically active radiation, net radiation, soil heat flux, precipitation (rain), and snow depth. A gap-filling procedure based on the Gaussian process regression model with an exponential kernel was developed to obtain continuous time series. For the record from 2010 to 2019, the average mean annual air temperature at the site was −1.0 ∘C, with the mean monthly temperature of the warmest month (July) recorded as 17.4 ∘C and for the coldest month (January) −21.5 ∘C. The average net radiation was about 35.0 W m−2, and the soil heat flux was 2.4 and 1.2 W m−2 for the hollow and the ridge sites, respectively. The presented data are freely available through Zenodo (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4323024, Dyukarev et al., 2020), last access: 15 December 2020) and can be used in coordination with other hydrological and meteorological datasets to examine the spatiotemporal effects of meteorological conditions on local hydrological responses across cold regions.
Abstract. Northern peatlands represent one of the largest carbon pools in the biosphere but the carbon they store is increasingly vulnerable to perturbations from climate and land-use change. Meteorological observations taken directly at peatland areas in Siberia are unique and rare, while peatlands are characterized by a specific local climate. This paper presents a hydrological and meteorological dataset collected at the Mukhrino peatland, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra, Russia, over the period of 8 May 2010 to 31 December 2019. Hydrometeorological data were collected from stations located at a small pine-shrub-Sphagnum ridge and Scheuchzeria-Sphagnum hollow at ridge–hollow complexes of ombrotrophic peatland. The monitored meteorological variables include air temperature, air humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind speed and direction, incoming and reflected photosynthetically active radiation, net radiation, soil heat flux, precipitation (rain) and snow depth. A gap-filling procedure based on the Gaussian process regression model with an exponential kernel was developed to obtain continuous time series. For the record from 2010 to 2019, the average mean annual air temperature at the site was −1.0 °C, with the mean monthly temperature of the warmest month (July) recorded as 17.4 °C and for the coldest month (January) −21.5 °C. The average net radiation was about 35.0 W m−2, and the soil heat flux was 2.4 and 1.2 W m−2 for the hollow and the ridge sites, respectively. The presented data are freely available through Zenodo (https://zenodo.org/record/4323024, last access: 15 December 2020) and can be used in coordination with other hydrological and meteorological datasets to examine the spatio‐temporal effects of meteorological conditions on local hydrological responses across cold regions.
Soil temperature is a key factor controlling many biotic and abiotic processes in soils. Monitoring of the soil temperature in the different habitats is an urgent task, as a rare meteorological network does not allow to assess in detail the hydrothermal regime of different territories. The territory of the study is the Tunka intermountain basin – the area of discontinuous distribution of permafrost. The atmospheric-soil measuring complex was used to investigate the hydrothermal regime of soils. Observations were carried out in automatic mode with a step of 1 hour from 2011 to 2018 year in the soil profiles from the surface to 10 m depth. The studied areas at different times undergo various anthropogenic impacts. It leads to changes in the vegetation cover, morphology structure and granulometric composition of the soils, its temperature and moisture conditions. Thus, the soils at anthropogenically disturbed sites are better warmed up and cools down faster than on undisturbed areas. The depth of the isotherm of +10°C on average is more than 50 cm deep on anthropogenically disturbed areas and the greatest negative temperatures are observed here. The depth of freezing and the magnitude of negative temperatures are directly related to the level of mire waters in the peaty soils. If the water level of the mire increases, as a result of human intervention, the depth of thawing decreased by 20 cm and the winter peat deposit became warmer.
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