The phytoremediation potential of two macrophytic plants, E.crassipes and T.capensis were evaluated for their capacity to remove total dissolved solids (TDS) from a plastic recycling industrial effluent. The effluent was collected from a plastics recycling company in Harare, Zimbabwe. Experimental design was used in the research and the pants were grown in 2.5L plastic pots. The experiment consisted of 8 treatments with replicates. TDS, electrical conductivity and pH were measured every day for 15 days and proline accumulation in plant leaves was analyzed every 2 days alongside wastewater treatment. A t-test analysis was used for testing the data for significance difference. Result show that T.capensis had reduced TDS by 77.3% in diluted and 69.3% in undiluted effluent while E.crassipes, also remarkable TDS reduction of 65.1% in diluted and 57.8% in undiluted effluent. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference at p < 0.05 for the two plants. TDS reduction by both plants was accompanied by an increase in pH and decrease electrical conductivity. Waste water only and wastewater + soil controls showed a TDS concentration decreased of 5.0 % and 42.1% after treatment which may be due to microbial activity. Proline accumulation for both plants in undiluted effluent (30.05% in Typha spp. and 19.04% in Eichhornia spp.) is an indication of high TDS stress capability of the two plants. The proline concentration results show significant difference between day 0 and day 6 at p < 0.05.
Aims: To assess the likelihood of occurrence of domino effect in a group of neighbouring companies in Msasa Industrial area. Study Design: A case study approach was used. Place and Duration of Study: Msasa industrial area, Harare Zimbabwe between June 2011 and June 2012. Methodology: Information was sought through interviews, questionnaires and observations from 15 companies in Msasa. The What If Analysis (WIA) was also used to postulate the potential upsets that may result in accidents. A semi qualitative approximate domino effect analysis procedure was used to simulate the likely sequence of an event after its initiation. Discussion: In the cluster, domino effect was most likely to be initiated and propagated by fires (pool, flash, fireballs or jet), explosions (confined vapour cloud explosions (CVCE), boiling liquid expanding vapour explosions (BLEVE), vented explosions, vapour cloud explosions, and dust explosions) and toxic release with effects ranging from being catastrophic, critical, marginal or negligible. It was found that there has been no domino risk analysis and hence was a strong possibility of destruction of the entire industrial area and neighbouring residential areas in the case of the forecast domino accidents. Toxic and dust releases were most likely to contaminate neighbouring residence leading to exposed toxic substance for long periods after the release. American Chemical Science Journal, 3(1): 50-64, 2013 51 Conclusion: Msasa industrial area may pose a serious domino effect risk, hence the need to make it mandatory for domino effect analysis studies in industrial areas and sharing safety information with neighbouring companies and communities.
Case Study
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