In this comparative study, the influence of the organophilisation process on the properties of resulting organobentonite fillers and their capability to improve the mechanical properties of clay/polymer nanocomposites were investigated. The organobentonites were obtained by activation with the use of two organic quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) with alkyl chains of significantly different lengths. The organophilisation resulted in an increase in the interlayer space of clays, which was confirmed by XRD analysis. The obtained organofillers were used to produce nanoclay/epoxy resin composites and the effects of alkyl chain length on the resulting properties of composites were compared based on the examination of mechanical behaviour and morphology, and a composite filled with the non organophilised bentonite was used as a reference material. It was demonstrated that the organophilisation process using distearyldimethyl ammonium chloride salt with a longer alkyl chain (C18-C20) created a more superior conditions for the compatibility of nanofiller with a polymer matrix, resulting in a 25 % increase in the bending strength of the epoxy composite material filled with 3 %wt of the organophilised bentonite, comparing to neat epoxy.
Alumina materials are widely used in the industry as cutting tool inserts. In order to improve mechanical properties of the Al2O3 matrix, different reinforcing phases are introduced. In the presented work, reinforcements in the form of ZrO2 particles and SiC nanofibres have been used. ZTA-SiC composites were obtained from 0.5%MgO-20%(3Y2O3)ZrO2-79.5%Al2O3 powder and 15% of SiC whiskers. Tested materials have been prepared by means of the two-step sintering (TSS) and spark plasma sintering (SPS). TSS method permits to obtain dense materials with fine-grained microstructure. TSS has been carried out for two different sintering times: 1 hour 20 minutes and 8 hours. Due to the reactivity of the components, the SPS method has been used to shorten sintering times. SPS has been performed at two different temperatures: 1500 °C and 1550 °C.
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