2.8:1 to 6.3:1. (This does not include the 27% reduction in drug spend observed during the study period. However, more longitudinal data are required to confirm and characterise this phenomenon.). In the third quarter of 2018, 21 medication incidents were reported from the study ward compared with an average of 4 incident reports from the first and second quarters of 2018. This represents a fivefold increase in medication incident reporting, suggestive of an enhanced culture of patient safety. Conclusion and relevance This study assessed and quantified a wide spectrum of pharmacist contributions to medication management and safety. Costing of these contributions estimated the cost-benefit ratio of the clinical pharmacy service, providing compelling support for the extension of this service throughout the hospital.
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